痞子衡嵌入式：串口调试工具JaysPyCOM诞生记（5）软件优化

　　大家好&＃xff0c;我是痞子衡&＃xff0c;是正经搞技术的痞子。今天痞子衡给大家介绍的是串口调试工具Jays-PyCOM诞生之软件优化。

　　前面痞子衡已经初步实现了Jays-PyCOM的串口功能&＃xff0c;并且通过了最基本的测试&＃xff0c;但目前的Jays-PyCOM相比市面上流行的串口调试工具还差得很远&＃xff0c;有很大的优化空间。优化可以从两方面进行&＃xff1a;一、是功能上的优化&＃xff0c;可以添加更多实用的功能&＃xff1b;二、是界面效果上的优化&＃xff0c;可以增加一些界面动画效果或者重新配色美化界面。下面痞子衡从这两方面分别为Jays-PyCOM做一些简单的优化&＃xff1a;

一、功能优化

1.1 增强鲁棒性

　　最开始要做的功能优化应该是增强软件鲁棒性&＃xff0c;即在任何异常用户输入的情况下&＃xff0c;软件都不能挂掉&＃xff0c;痞子衡在实测中发现当用户在"Com Port"里输入的是无效串口设备号时&＃xff0c;软件会挂掉&＃xff0c;因此做了以下改进&＃xff0c;在打开设备时使用try except语句&＃xff0c;如有异常&＃xff0c;直接退出&＃xff0c;不会继续后面代码的执行。此类改进还有很多&＃xff0c;不一一例举。

class mainWin(win.com_win):def openClosePort( self, event ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():s_serialPort.close()self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel(&＃39;Open&＃39;)else:# ...self.setParitybits()# 添加代码开始try:s_serialPort.open()except Exception, e:# Show warning messagereturn# 添加代码结束self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel(&＃39;Close&＃39;)# ...

1.2 自动检测可用Port

　　最初版本实现Port口选择是用户按标准格式“COMx”手动输入&＃xff0c;但这样有一个问题&＃xff0c;即用户输入的格式有可能不合法&＃xff0c;并且即使是一个合法的格式输入&＃xff0c;但也可能不是一个可用的有效Port。参照市面上流行的串口调试助手&＃xff0c;有的是下拉菜单选择所有COM口&＃xff08;比如AccessPort&＃xff0c;这样可以解决不合法格式输入的问题&＃xff09;&＃xff0c;有的是下拉菜单选择可用的COM口&＃xff08;比如sscom&＃xff0c;这样可以解决Port是否有效的问题&＃xff09;&＃xff0c;痞子衡参照sscom的做法对Jays-PyCOM进行了如下优化&＃xff1a;

class mainWin(win.com_win):def __init__(self, parent):self.refreshComPort(None)self.m_choice_comPort.SetSelection( 0 )def refreshComPort( self, event ):comports &＃61; list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports())ports &＃61; [None] * len(comports)for i in range(len(comports)):comport &＃61; list(comports[i])# example comport &＃61; [u&＃39;COM3&＃39;, u&＃39;Intel(R) Active Management Technology - SOL (COM3)&＃39;, u&＃39;PCI\\VEN_8086&DEV_9D3D&SUBSYS_06DC1028&REV_21\\3&11583659&0&B3&＃39;]ports[i] &＃61; comport[0] &＃43; &＃39; - &＃39; &＃43; comport[1]self.m_choice_comPort.Clear()self.m_choice_comPort.SetItems(ports)def setPort ( self ):index &＃61; self.m_choice_comPort.GetSelection()comPort &＃61; self.m_choice_comPort.GetString(index)comPort &＃61; comPort.split(&＃39; - &＃39;)s_serialPort.port &＃61; comPort[0]

1.3 实现格式切换功能

　　Char/Hex格式转换属于比较实用的功能&＃xff0c;一般的串口调试助手都会有这个功能&＃xff0c;Jays-PyCOM之前默认总是按照Char格式来输入和显示&＃xff0c;"Format"选项框的功能实际上并没有实现&＃xff0c;因此痞子衡在这里加上了格式切换功能。

import formatters_formatter &＃61; formatter.formatter()
s_lastRecvFormat &＃61; None
s_lastSendFormat &＃61; Noneclass mainWin(win.com_win):# 函数功能实现def setSendFormat( self, event ):lines &＃61; self.m_textCtrl_send.GetNumberOfLines()if lines !&＃61; 0:m_sendFormat &＃61; self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetSelection())global s_lastSendFormatif s_lastSendFormat &＃61;&＃61; m_sendFormat:returnelse:s_lastSendFormat &＃61; m_sendFormat# Get existing data from textCtrl_senddata &＃61; &＃39;&＃39;for i in range(0, lines):data &＃43;&＃61; str(self.m_textCtrl_send.GetLineText(i))# Convert data format according to choice_sendFormatif m_sendFormat &＃61;&＃61; &＃39;Char&＃39;:status, data &＃61; s_formatter.hexToChar(data)if not status:self.m_textCtrl_send.Clear()self.m_textCtrl_send.write(&＃39;Invalid format! Correct example: 12 34 56 ab cd ef&＃39;)returnelif m_sendFormat &＃61;&＃61; &＃39;Hex&＃39;:data &＃61; s_formatter.charToHex(data)# Re-show converted data in textCtrl_sendself.m_textCtrl_send.Clear()self.m_textCtrl_send.write(data)def sendData( self, event ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():lines &＃61; self.m_textCtrl_send.GetNumberOfLines()if lines !&＃61; 0:data &＃61; &＃39;&＃39;for i in range(0, lines):data &＃43;&＃61; str(self.m_textCtrl_send.GetLineText(i))# 添加代码开始# Make sure data is always in &＃39;Char&＃39; formatm_sendFormat &＃61; self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetSelection())if m_sendFormat &＃61;&＃61; &＃39;Hex&＃39;:status, data &＃61; s_formatter.hexToChar(data)if not status:self.m_textCtrl_send.Clear()self.m_textCtrl_send.write(&＃39;Invalid format! Correct example: 12 34 56 ab cd ef&＃39;)return# 添加代码结束s_serialPort.write(data)# 函数功能实现def setRecvFormat( self, event ):lines &＃61; self.m_textCtrl_recv.GetNumberOfLines()if lines !&＃61; 0:m_recvFormat &＃61; self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetSelection())global s_lastRecvFormatif s_lastRecvFormat &＃61;&＃61; m_recvFormat:returnelse:s_lastRecvFormat &＃61; m_recvFormat# Get existing data from textCtrl_recvdata &＃61; &＃39;&＃39;for i in range(0, lines):data &＃43;&＃61; str(self.m_textCtrl_recv.GetLineText(i))# Convert data format according to choice_recvFormatif m_recvFormat &＃61;&＃61; &＃39;Char&＃39;:status, data &＃61; s_formatter.hexToChar(data)elif m_recvFormat &＃61;&＃61; &＃39;Hex&＃39;:data &＃61; s_formatter.charToHex(data)# Re-show converted data in textCtrl_recvself.m_textCtrl_recv.Clear()self.m_textCtrl_recv.write(data)def recvData( self ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():num &＃61; s_serialPort.inWaiting()if num !&＃61; 0:data &＃61; s_serialPort.read(num)# 添加代码开始# Note: Assume that data is always in &＃39;Char&＃39; format# Convert data format if dispaly format is &＃39;Hex&＃39;m_recvFormat &＃61; self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetSelection())if m_recvFormat &＃61;&＃61; &＃39;Hex&＃39;:data &＃61; s_formatter.charToHex(data)# 添加代码结束self.m_textCtrl_recv.write(data)


　　发送输入框格式切换功能实测如下&＃xff0c;尤其是在Hex模式下&＃xff0c;如果有异常输入&＃xff0c;Jays-PyCOM会直接清屏&＃xff0c;并在输入框里提示正确的示例。接收显示框格式切换功能雷同&＃xff0c;但并不包含异常输入提示&＃xff0c;因为这是个结果显示输出框。

1.4 启用菜单栏

　　菜单栏是一个功能齐全的软件的标配&＃xff0c;用于实现各种特性功能&＃xff0c;此处痞子衡仅添加了一个“Help”菜单&＃xff0c;用于显示Jays-PyCOM的主页以及作者信息。首先需要在wxFormBuilder添加menu控件&＃xff0c;然后设置回调函数名&＃xff0c;下面是回调函数的实现&＃xff1a;

def showHomepageMessage( self, event ):messageText &＃61; ((&＃39;Code: \n https://github.com/JayHeng/Jays-PyCOM.git \n&＃39;) &＃43;(&＃39;Doc: \n https://www.cnblogs.com/henjay724/p/9416096.html \n&＃39;))wx.MessageBox(messageText, "Homepage", wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)def showAboutMessage( self, event ):messageText &＃61; ((&＃39;Author: Jay Heng \n&＃39;) &＃43;(&＃39;Email: hengjie1989&＃64;foxmail.com \n&＃39;))wx.MessageBox(messageText, "About", wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)

1.5 启用状态栏

　　状态栏也是一般串口调试助手的标配&＃xff0c;用于显示发送/接收数据统计信息以及串口开关状态&＃xff0c;因此痞子衡为Jays-PyCOM也加上了状态栏功能&＃xff0c;状态栏主要分为三栏&＃xff1a;接收数据统计、发送数据统计、串口状态。

s_recvStatusFieldIndex &＃61; 0
s_sendStatusFieldIndex &＃61; 1
s_infoStatusFieldIndex &＃61; 2s_recvStatusStr &＃61; &＃39;Recv: &＃39;
s_recvTotalBytes &＃61; 0
s_sendStatusStr &＃61; &＃39;Send: &＃39;
s_sendTotalBytes &＃61; 0class mainWin(win.com_win):def openClosePort( self, event ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():s_serialPort.close()self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel(&＃39;Open&＃39;)# 添加代码开始self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_serialPort.name &＃43; &＃39; is closed&＃39;, s_infoStatusFieldIndex)# 添加代码结束else:# 添加代码开始self.statusBar.SetFieldsCount(3)self.statusBar.SetStatusWidths([150, 150, 400])# 添加代码结束self.setPort()# ...self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel(&＃39;Close&＃39;)# 添加代码开始self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_recvStatusStr &＃43; str(s_recvTotalBytes), s_recvStatusFieldIndex)self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_sendStatusStr &＃43; str(s_sendTotalBytes), s_sendStatusFieldIndex)self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_serialPort.name &＃43; &＃39; is open, &＃39; &＃43;str(s_serialPort.baudrate) &＃43; &＃39;, &＃39; &＃43;str(s_serialPort.bytesizes) &＃43; &＃39;, &＃39; &＃43;s_serialPort.parity &＃43; &＃39;, &＃39; &＃43;str(s_serialPort.stopbits), s_infoStatusFieldIndex)# 添加代码结束s_serialPort.reset_input_buffer()# ...def sendData( self, event ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():lines &＃61; self.m_textCtrl_send.GetNumberOfLines()if lines !&＃61; 0:# ...s_serialPort.write(data)# 添加代码开始global s_sendTotalBytess_sendTotalBytes &＃43;&＃61; len(data)self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_sendStatusStr &＃43; str(s_sendTotalBytes), s_sendStatusFieldIndex)# 添加代码结束else:self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_serialPort.name &＃43; &＃39; is not open !!!&＃39;, s_infoStatusFieldIndex)def recvData( self ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():num &＃61; s_serialPort.inWaiting()if num !&＃61; 0:# ...self.m_textCtrl_recv.write(data)# 添加代码开始global s_recvTotalBytess_recvTotalBytes &＃43;&＃61; len(data)self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_recvStatusStr &＃43; str(s_recvTotalBytes), s_recvStatusFieldIndex)# 添加代码结束

　　状态栏实测功能如下&＃xff1a;

二、界面优化

2.1 添加串口开关亮灯效果

　　界面优化的地方有很多&＃xff0c;痞子衡简单做了一个与串口开关按钮同步的小灯显示效果&＃xff0c;当串口打开时&＃xff0c;小灯显示绿色&＃xff1b;当串口关闭时&＃xff0c;小灯显示黑色&＃xff1b;代码里的实现其实就是两张图片之间的切换。

class mainWin(win.com_win):def openClosePort( self, event ):if s_serialPort.isOpen():s_serialPort.close()self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel(&＃39;Open&＃39;)# 添加代码开始self.m_bitmap_led.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap( u"../img/led_black.png", wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY ))# 添加代码结束else:# ...self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel(&＃39;Close&＃39;)# 添加代码开始self.m_bitmap_led.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap( u"../img/led_green.png", wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY ))# 添加代码结束# ...

　　至此&＃xff0c;串口调试工具Jays-PyCOM诞生之软件优化痞子衡便介绍完毕了&＃xff0c;掌声在哪里~~~