Android常用控件之Toast与AlertDialog的常规用法和自定义用法

概述

1、Toast&＃xff1a; a、用来显示信息 &＃xff1b;b、没有焦点&＃xff0c;显示时间有限&＃xff1b;c、不会打断用户当前的操作
常用方法&＃xff1a; show():用于显示信息。
setGravity(): #param&＃xff1a;int gravity&＃xff0c;int xOffset&＃xff0c;int yOffset&＃xff1b;用于设置信息的显示的位置。
setText():用于显示信息的文本,可以传入Spanner类的内容。
setView():用于设置信息的布局。
Dialog&＃xff1a; 常用的又AlertDialog&＃xff0c;继承于Dialog。

知识内容

Toast

Toast有常规用法和自定义用法&＃xff0c;所谓自定义用法&＃xff0c;就是用setView()方法给Toast的信息提示提供一个自定义布局&＃xff0c;达到特殊的目的。
java部分用两个按键的分别测试Toast的富文本用法和自定义用法

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {private Button toastButton;private Button toastButton2;&＃64;Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);toastButton &＃61; (Button) findViewById(R.id.toast_btn);toastButton.setOnClickListener(this);toastButton2 &＃61; (Button) findViewById(R.id.toast_btn2);toastButton2.setOnClickListener(this);}&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.toast_btn://Toast的setText可以传入一个富文本Toast toast;toast &＃61; Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "我是你Toast爸爸", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);Spanned spanned &＃61; Html.fromHtml("我是toast", new Html.ImageGetter() {&＃64;Overridepublic Drawable getDrawable(String source) {Drawable drawable &＃61; getResources().getDrawable(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);drawable.setBounds(0, 0, drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight());return null;}}, null);toast.setText(spanned);toast.setGravity(Gravity.LEFT | Gravity.BOTTOM, 0, 0);toast.show();case R.id.toast_btn2://自定义Toast即是给Toast设置一个自定义布局以显示信息Toast toast2 &＃61; new Toast(getApplicationContext());LayoutInflater inflater &＃61; getLayoutInflater();View view &＃61; inflater.inflate(R.layout.toast_view, null);TextView textView_content &＃61; (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.content_text);textView_content.setText("我是内容");toast2.setView(view);toast2.setDuration(Toast.LENGTH_LONG);toast2.show();break;default:break;}}
}

布局文件activity_main

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android&＃61;"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools&＃61;"http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"match_parent"android:paddingLeft&＃61;"&＃64;dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight&＃61;"&＃64;dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop&＃61;"&＃64;dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingBottom&＃61;"&＃64;dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context&＃61;".MainActivity"><Button
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/toast_btn"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"测试Toast"/><Button
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/toast_btn2"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:layout_below&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/toast_btn"android:text&＃61;"测试自定义Toast"/>RelativeLayout>

Toast用于显示信息的自定义布局toast_view


<LinearLayout xmlns:android&＃61;"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"match_parent"android:gravity&＃61;"center_horizontal"android:orientation&＃61;"vertical"><TextView
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/title_text"android:layout_width&＃61;"wrap_content"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"我是标题"/><ImageView
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/image"android:layout_width&＃61;"100dp"android:layout_height&＃61;"100dp"android:src&＃61;"&＃64;drawable/abc_btn_rating_star_off_mtrl_alpha"/><TextView
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/content_text"android:layout_width&＃61;"wrap_content"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"我是内容"/>LinearLayout>

结果演示&＃xff1a;

AlertDialog

AlertDialog可以有多种形式&＃xff1a;带有信息的简单对话框、可选择的对话框、单选对话框、多选对话框等
java部分&＃xff0c;用四哥按钮来测试四种对话框

public class DialogActivity extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {private Button dialogButton;private Button dialogButton2;private Button dialogButton3;private Button dialogButton4;private String[] mSexs &＃61; {"男","女","其他"};private String[] mData &＃61; {"第一个数据","第二个数据","第三个数据","第四个数据","第五个数据"};private String[] mHobbys &＃61; {"篮球","乒乓球","游泳","跑步","健身"};private boolean[] mCheckedManager;//用于存储checkbox的是否被选中的状态private StringBuffer hobby;private String sex;&＃64;Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.layout_dialog);dialogButton &＃61; (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_dialog);dialogButton.setOnClickListener(this);dialogButton2 &＃61; (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2_dialog);dialogButton2.setOnClickListener(this);dialogButton3 &＃61; (Button)findViewById(R.id.button3_dialog);dialogButton3.setOnClickListener(this);dialogButton4 &＃61; (Button)findViewById(R.id.button4_dialog);dialogButton4.setOnClickListener(this);}&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()){case R.id.button_dialog:simpleDialog();break;case R.id.button2_dialog:selectedDialog();break;case R.id.button3_dialog:singleDialog();break;case R.id.button4_dialog:mutiSelectedDialog();default:break;}}//建议对话框public void simpleDialog(){AlertDialog.Builder builder &＃61; new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);builder.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setTitle("我是标题").setMessage("我是内容").setNegativeButton("NegativeButton", new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中NegativeButton", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}).setNeutralButton("NeutralButton", new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中NeutralButton", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}).setPositiveButton("PositiveButton", new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中PositiveButton", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});AlertDialog dialog &＃61; builder.create();dialog.show();}//可选对话框public void selectedDialog(){AlertDialog.Builder builder2 &＃61; new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);builder2.setTitle("多选型Dialog");builder2.setItems(mData, new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中了第" &＃43; which &＃43; "个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});AlertDialog dialog1 &＃61; builder2.create();dialog1.show();}//单选对话框public void singleDialog(){sex &＃61; mSexs[0];AlertDialog.Builder builder &＃61; new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);builder.setTitle("单选Dialog");builder.setSingleChoiceItems(mSexs, 0, new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {sex &＃61; mSexs[which];Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "选中的性别是" &＃43; sex, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});builder.setNeutralButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {dialogButton3.setText("您选中的性别是" &＃43; sex);}});builder.setNegativeButton("取消", new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {}});builder.show();//builder.show()也可以直接显示对话框}//多选对话框public void mutiSelectedDialog(){mCheckedManager &＃61; new boolean[mHobbys.length];AlertDialog.Builder builder &＃61; new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogActivity.this);builder.setTitle("[title]请选中您爱好的运动");builder.setMultiChoiceItems(mHobbys, mCheckedManager, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {mCheckedManager[which] &＃61; isChecked;}});builder.setNeutralButton("确定", new OnClickListener() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {hobby &＃61; new StringBuffer();for (int i &＃61; 0; i if (mCheckedManager[i]) {hobby.append(mHobbys[i]);}}dialogButton4.setText("您的爱好是&＃xff1a;"&＃43;hobby);}});builder.show();}}

布局文件


<LinearLayout xmlns:android&＃61;"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:orientation&＃61;"vertical"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"match_parent"><Button
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/button_dialog"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"弹出一个最简单的dialog"/><Button
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/button2_dialog"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"显示选择的Dialog"/><Button
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/button3_dialog"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"显示单选Dialog"/><Button
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/button4_dialog"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:text&＃61;"显示多选Dialog"/>
LinearLayout>

结果演示&＃xff1a;
简单对话框的演示&＃xff1a;

可选择对话框的演示&＃xff1a;

单选对话框的演示&＃xff1a;

多选对话框的演示&＃xff1a;