关于xml文件&＃xff0c;python可以用两种方式来进行解析&＃xff0c;DOM&＃xff08;Document object model&＃xff09;和SAX&＃xff08;simple API for xml&＃xff09;。其中DOM是将xml数据加载到内存中形成一个树&＃xff0c;通过对树的操作来操作xml&＃xff0c;之后可以通过DOM提供的函数对文档进行读取和修改。SAX是基于事件驱动的API&＃xff0c;包括两个部分&＃xff1a;解析器和事件处理器。首先对xml数据进行解析&＃xff0c;过程中会触发事件&＃xff1a;开始事件start_element、 结束事件end_element 、数据char_data 。然后事件处理器会进行处理。
如&＃xff1a;当SAX在解析一个节点时
Python 会产生三个事件&＃xff1a;
2.1 start_element事件&＃xff0c;分别读取
、
2.2 end_element事件&＃xff0c;分别读取
、
2.3 char_data事件、读取Python
下面要用到的xml文件&＃xff1a;
War, Thriller
DVD
2003
PG
10
Talk about a US-Japan war
Anime, Science Fiction
DVD
1989
R
8
A schientific fiction
Anime, Action
DVD
4
PG
10
Vash the Stampede!
Comedy
VHS
PG
2
Viewable boredom
使用Dom解析xml文件&＃xff1a;
from xml.dom.minidom import parse
import xml.dom.minidom
# 使用minidom解析器打开 XML 文档
DOMTree &＃61; xml.dom.minidom.parse("movies.xml")
collection &＃61; DOMTree.documentElement
if collection.hasAttribute("shelf"):
print ("Root element : %s" % collection.getAttribute("shelf"))
# 在集合中获取所有电影
movies &＃61; collection.getElementsByTagName("movie")
# 打印每部电影的详细信息
for movie in movies:
print ("*****Movie*****")
if movie.hasAttribute("title"):
print ("Title: %s" % movie.getAttribute("title"))
type &＃61; movie.getElementsByTagName(&＃39;type&＃39;)[0]
print ("Type: %s" % type.childNodes[0].data)
format &＃61; movie.getElementsByTagName(&＃39;format&＃39;)[0]
print ("Format: %s" % format.childNodes[0].data)
rating &＃61; movie.getElementsByTagName(&＃39;rating&＃39;)[0]
print ("Rating: %s" % rating.childNodes[0].data)
description &＃61; movie.getElementsByTagName(&＃39;description&＃39;)[0]
print ("Description: %s" % description.childNodes[0].data)
结果如下&＃xff1a;
Root element : New Arrivals
*****Movie*****
Title: Enemy Behind
Type: War, Thriller
Format: DVD
Rating: PG
Description: Talk about a US-Japan war
*****Movie*****
Title: Transformers
Type: Anime, Science Fiction
Format: DVD
Rating: R
Description: A schientific fiction
*****Movie*****
Title: Trigun
Type: Anime, Action
Format: DVD
Rating: PG
Description: Vash the Stampede!
*****Movie*****
Title: Ishtar
Type: Comedy
Format: VHS
Rating: PG
Description: Viewable boredom
Dom解析xml为树结构&＃xff1a;
Dom解析xml为树
参考教程&＃xff1a;菜鸟教程Dom解析xml
SAX解析xml&＃xff1a;
import xml.parsers.expat
class ExParser(object):
&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;Parse roster xml&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;
def __init__(self, xml_raw):
&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;init parser and setup handlers&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;
self.parser &＃61; xml.parsers.expat.ParserCreate()
#connect handlers
self.parser.StartElementHandler &＃61; self.start_element
self.parser.EndElementHandler &＃61; self.end_element
self.parser.CharacterDataHandler &＃61; self.char_data
self.parser.Parse(xml_raw)
del(xml_raw)
def start_element(self, name, attrs):
&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;Start xml element handler&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;
print (&＃39;start:&＃39;&＃43;name)
def end_element(self, name):
&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;End xml element handler&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;
print (&＃39;end:&＃39;&＃43;name)
def char_data(self, data):
&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;Char xml element handler&＃39;&＃39;&＃39;
print (&＃39;data is &＃39;&＃43;data)
f &＃61; open("movies.xml")
data &＃61; f.read()
parser &＃61; ExParser(data)
结果如下&＃xff1a;&＃xff08;部分展示&＃xff09;
start:collection
data is
start:movie
data is
data is
start:type
data is War, Thriller
end:type
data is
data is
start:format
data is DVD
end:format
data is
data is
start:year
data is 2003
end:year
data is
data is
start:rating
data is PG
end:rating
data is
data is
start:stars
data is 10
end:stars
data is
data is
start:description
data is Talk about a US-Japan war
end:description
data is
end:movie
data is
start:movie
data is
data is
start:type
data is Anime, Science Fiction
end:type
data is
data is
start:format
data is DVD
end:format
data is
data is
start:year
data is 1989
end:year
data is
data is
start:rating
data is R
end:rating
data is
data is
start:stars
data is 8
end:stars
data is
data is
start:description
data is A schientific fiction
end:description
data is
end:movie
data is
。。。。。。。。。
。。。。。。。。。
end:collection
参考资料&＃xff1a;
Python的expat库可以动态解析
python使用expat解析xml
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