执行 Transact-SQL 批中的命令字符串、字符串或执行下列模块之一:系统存储过程、用户定义存储过程、标量值用户定义函数或扩展存储过程。
SQL Server 扩展了 EXECUTE 语句,以使其可用于向链接服务器发送传递命令。此外,还可以显式设置执行字符串或命令的上下文。看一个实例使用excute
> create table employee(
2> ID int,
3> name nvarchar (10),
4> salary int,
5> start_date datetime,
6> city nvarchar (10),
7> region char (1))
8> GO
1>
2> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
3> values (1, 'Jason', 40420, '02/01/94', 'New York', 'W')
4> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (2, 'Robert',14420, '01/02/95', 'Vancouver','N')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (3, 'Celia', 24020, '12/03/96', 'Toronto', 'W')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (4, 'Linda', 40620, '11/04/97', 'New York', 'N')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (5, 'David', 80026, '10/05/98', 'Vancouver','W')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (6, 'James', 70060, '09/06/99', 'Toronto', 'N')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (7, 'Alison',90620, '08/07/00', 'New York', 'W')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (8, 'Chris', 26020, '07/08/01', 'Vancouver','N')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1> insert into employee (ID, name, salary, start_date, city, region
2> values (9, 'Mary', 60020, '06/09/02', 'Toronto', 'W')
3> GO
(1 rows affected)
1>
2> select * from employee
3> GO
ID name salary start_date city region
----------- ---------- ----------- ----------------------- ---------- ------
1 Jason 40420 1994-02-01 00:00:00.000 New York W
2 Robert 14420 1995-01-02 00:00:00.000 Vancouver N
3 Celia 24020 1996-12-03 00:00:00.000 Toronto W
4 Linda 40620 1997-11-04 00:00:00.000 New York N
5 David 80026 1998-10-05 00:00:00.000 Vancouver W
6 James 70060 1999-09-06 00:00:00.000 Toronto N
7 Alison 90620 2000-08-07 00:00:00.000 New York W
8 Chris 26020 2001-07-08 00:00:00.000 Vancouver N
9 Mary 60020 2002-06-09 00:00:00.000 Toronto W
(9 rows affected)
1>
2> -- example to execute the store procedure - valid
3>
4> IF EXISTS (SELECT name
5> FROM sysobjects
6> WHERE name = N'sp_Output_Salary'
7> AND type = 'P')
8> DROP PROCEDURE sp_Output_Salary
9> GO
1>
2> CREATE PROCEDURE sp_Output_Salary
3> @ID int,
4> @OutSalary money OUTPUT
5> AS
6> SELECT @OutSalary = salary
7> FROM employee
8> WHERE Id = @ID
9>
10> IF @@ROWCOUNT = 1
11> RETURN
12> SET @OutSalary = 0
13> RETURN 1
14> GO
1>
2>
3> GRANT EXECUTE ON sp_Output_Salary TO PUBLIC
4> GO
1>
2>
3> DECLARE @myMoney money
4> DECLARE @Ret_Status int
5> EXECUTE @Ret_Status = sp_Output_Salary 1, @myMoney OUTPUT
6> SELECT @myMoney
7> SELECT @Ret_Status
8> GO
---------------------
40420.0000
(1 rows affected)
-----------
0
(1 rows affected)
1>
2> drop table employee
3> GO
1>
运行 EXECUTE 语句无需权限。但是,需要对 EXECUTE 字符串内引用的安全对象具有权限。例如,如果字符串包含 INSERT 语句,则 EXECUTE 语句的调用方对目标表必须具有 INSERT 权限。在遇到 EXECUTE 语句时,即使 EXECUTE 语句包含于模块内,也将检查权限。
模块的 EXECUTE 权限默认授予该模块的所有者,该所有者可以将此权限转让给其他用户。当运行一个执行字符串的模块时,系统会在执行该模块的用户上下文中而不是在创建该模块的用户上下文中检查权限。但是,如果同一用户拥有调用模块和被调用模块,则不对后者执行 EXECUTE 权限检查