Excel数据导入到Oracle

由于一直基于Oracle数据库上做开发，因此常常会需要把大量的Excel数据导入到Oracle数据库中，其实如果从事SqlServer数据库的开发，那么思路也是一样的，本文主要介绍如何导入Excel数据进入Oracle数据库的内容。

一般我们拿到的Excel数据，都会有一个表头说明，然后下面是一连串的数据内容，如下图所示：

而Oracle中数据库一般为英文名称，中文名称就需要转义，为了方便导入，我把中文名称对照数据库的字段，把表头修改为对应的字段名称，如果没有数据库对应的字段，那么删除Excel的无用列即可，如下所示。

首先我们在导入Excel的例子中加载显示要导入的数据，一个是为了直观，第二个也是为了检查数据的有效性，避免出错，界面如下所示：

在介绍导入操作前，我们先要分析下数据，否则就很容易出现错误的语句，一般日期的格式、数字的格式就要特别注意，文本格式一般看是否超出字段的长度，一般成功导入前都会发生好多次的错误问题，解决了这些格式的问题，基本上就OK了。如下面日期和数字的格式问题，就必须注意转换为对应的内容格式：

下面介绍具体的显示数据和导入数据的操作代码：

 显示Excel数据的代码如下所示：

 代码

        private string connectionStringFormat = "Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source = \'{0}\';Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";
        private DataSet myDs = new DataSet();

        private void btnViewData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txtFilePath.Text == "")
            {
                MessageUtil.ShowTips("请选择指定的Excel文件");
                return;
            }

            string connectString = string.Format(connectionStringFormat, this.txtFilePath.Text);
            try
            {
                myDs.Tables.Clear();
                myDs.Clear();
                OleDbConnection cnnxls = new OleDbConnection(connectString);
                OleDbDataAdapter myDa = new OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [Sheet1$]", cnnxls);
                myDa.Fill(myDs, "c");

                dataGrid1.DataSource = myDs.Tables[0];
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

导入操作的代码如下所示(由于数据格式需要验证，以及需要判断数据库是否存在指定关键字的记录，如果存在，那么更新，否则插入新的记录，如果仅仅是第一次导入，操作代码可以更为精简一些）：

 代码

        private void btnSaveData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.txtFilePath.Text == "")
            {
                MessageUtil.ShowTips("请选择指定的Excel文件");
                return;
            }

            if (MessageUtil.ShowYesNoAndWarning("该操作将把数据导入到系统的用户数据库中，您确定是否继续？") == DialogResult.Yes)
            {
                InsertData();
            }
        }

        private bool CheckIsDate(string columnName)
        {
            string str = ",PREPARE_DATE,COPY_DATE,COPY_VALIDITY,BUSINESS_VALIDITY,OPENING_APPROVAL_DATE,OPENING_DATE,EDITTIME,LICENSE_DATE,LICENSE_VALIDITY,TEMP_OPENING_DATE,LICENSE_START_DATE,ADDTIME,EDITTIME,";
            return str.Contains("," + columnName.ToUpper() + ",");
        }

        private bool CheckIsNumeric(string columnName)
        {
            string str = ",FIXED_CAPITAL,REG_CAPITAL,MARGIN,PARK_AREA,PARK_SPACE_NUMBER,";
            return str.Contains("," + columnName.ToUpper() + ",");
        }

        private void InsertData()
        {
            int intOk = 0;
            int intFail = 0;

            if (myDs != null && myDs.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0)
            {
                string accessConnectString = config.GetConnectionString("DataAccess");
                OracleConnection conn = new OracleConnection(accessConnectString);
                conn.Open();
                OracleCommand com = null;

                #region 组装字段列表
                string insertColumnString = "ID,";
                DataTable dt = myDs.Tables[0];
                int k = 0;
                foreach (DataColumn col in dt.Columns)
                {
                    insertColumnString += string.Format("{0},", col.ColumnName);
                }
                insertColumnString = insertColumnString.Trim(\',\');

                #endregion

                try
                {
                    foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
                    {
                        if (dr[0].ToString() == "")
                        {
                            continue;
                        }

                        #region 组装Sql语句
                        string insertValueString = "SEQ_TBPARK_ENTERPRISE.Nextval,";
                        string updateValueString = "";
                        string COMPANY_CODE = dr["COMPANY_CODE"].ToString().Replace("<空>", "");

                        #region 拼接Sql字符串

                        for(int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
                        {
                            string originalValue = dr[i].ToString().Replace("<空>", "");
                            //if (!CheckIsDate(dt.Rows[0][i].ToString()))
                            if (!CheckIsDate(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName))
                            {
                                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(originalValue))
                                {
                                    if (CheckIsNumeric(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName))
                                    {
                                        insertValueString += string.Format("\'{0}\',", Convert.ToDecimal(originalValue));
                                        updateValueString += string.Format("{0}=\'{1}\',", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName, Convert.ToDecimal(originalValue));
                                    }
                                    else
                                    {
                                        insertValueString += string.Format("\'{0}\',", originalValue);
                                        updateValueString += string.Format("{0}=\'{1}\',", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName, originalValue);
                                    }
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    insertValueString += string.Format("NULL,");
                                    updateValueString += string.Format("{0}=NULL,", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(originalValue))
                                {
                                    insertValueString += string.Format("to_date(\'{0}\',\'yyyy-mm-dd\'),", Convert.ToDateTime(originalValue).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
                                    updateValueString += string.Format("{0}=to_date(\'{1}\',\'yyyy-mm-dd\'),", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName, Convert.ToDateTime(originalValue).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"));
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    insertValueString += string.Format("NULL,");
                                    updateValueString += string.Format("{0}=NULL,", dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        insertValueString = insertValueString.Trim(\',\');
                        updateValueString = updateValueString.Trim(\',\'); 
                        #endregion

                        string insertSql = string.Format(@"INSERT INTO tbpark_enterprise ({0}) VALUES({1})", insertColumnString, insertValueString);
                        string updateSql = string.Format("Update tbpark_enterprise set {0} Where COMPANY_CODE=\'{1}\' ", updateValueString, COMPANY_CODE);
                        string checkExistSql = string.Format("Select count(*) from tbpark_enterprise where COMPANY_CODE=\'{0}\' ", COMPANY_CODE);
                        #endregion

                        #region 写入数据
                        try
                        {
                            com = new OracleCommand();
                            com.Connection = conn;
                            com.CommandText = checkExistSql;
                            object objCount = com.ExecuteScalar();

                            bool succeed = false;
                            bool exist = Convert.ToInt32(objCount) > 0;
                            if (exist)
                            {
                                //需要更新
                                //WriteString(updateSql);
                                com.CommandText = updateSql;
                                succeed = com.ExecuteNonQuery() > 0;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                //需要插入
                                //WriteString2(insertSql);
                                com.CommandText = insertSql;
                                succeed = com.ExecuteNonQuery() > 0;
                            }

                            if (succeed)
                            {
                                intOk++;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                intFail++;
                            }
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            intFail++;
                            WriteString(com.CommandText);
                            LogHelper.Error(ex);
                            break;
                        }

                        #endregion
                    }

                    #region 关闭
                    if (conn != null && conn.State != ConnectionState.Closed)
                    {
                        conn.Close();
                    }
                    if (com != null)
                    {
                        com.Dispose();
                    }
                    #endregion
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    LogHelper.Error(ex);
                    MessageUtil.ShowError(ex.ToString());
                }

                if (intOk > 0 || intFail > 0)
                {
                    string tips = string.Format("数据导入成功：{0}个，失败：{1}个", intOk, intFail);
                    MessageUtil.ShowTips(tips);
                }
            }
        }

以上代码，为了方便，使用了输出脚本的方式进行验证对比，一般情况下也是用得着的。

最后附上该程序的源码，和大家分享学习：https://files.cnblogs.com/wuhuacong/ImportExcelToOracle.rar