accessibilityservice是android上用来做辅助功能的一个API,主要用来相应用户发送AccessibilityEvent的事件,具体可以google或者baidu一下,不过只支持Android 4.1之后的手机这里我写下具体的实现流程。
如果我们自己写一个基于Accessibility的应用,主要分为下面几步:
public class MyPocketService extends AccessibilityService {private static final String TAG = "POCKET";@Overrideprotected void onServiceConnected() {super.onServiceConnected();}public MyPocketService() {}@Overridepublic void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event) {int eventType = event.getEventType();
// Log.d(TAG,"the eventType is :"+eventType);// AccessibilityNodeInfo accessibilityNodeInfo = event.getSource(); //得到被点击的对象// getRootInActiveWindow(); 获得整个窗口对象if (eventType== AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED ||eventType == AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED) { //当当前窗口发生变化时候,重新遍历,否则后面的控件找不到AccessibilityNodeInfo rootInActiveWindow = getRootInActiveWindow();if (rootInActiveWindow == null) {Log.d(TAG,"the rootInActiveWindow is null");} else {recycle(rootInActiveWindow);}}}public void recycle(AccessibilityNodeInfo rootInActiveWindow) {//只有一个子元素if (rootInActiveWindow.getChildCount() == 0) {Log.d(TAG,"the rootInActiveWindow count is : 0");} else {// 遍历所有子元素for (int i = 0; i
}
上面的MyPocketService主要实现了下面的一些方法:
//响应AccessibilityEvent的事件
public void onAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent event)// 打断获取事件的过程,可以用来关闭资源
public void onInterrupt() // 用来绑定服务的方法,可以做一些关于AccessibilityServiceInfo 的初始配置
protected void onServiceConnected()
在manifest里注册当前Service
<service android:name&#61;".MyPocketService"android:permission&#61;"android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE"android:label&#61;"get pocket"><intent-filter><action android:name&#61;"android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService" />intent-filter><meta-data android:name&#61;"android.accessibilityservice" android:resource&#61;"&#64;xml/accessibilityservice" />service>
上面的写法基本上是固定的。必须添加权限android.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE, 另外action的name也必须是android.accessibilityservice.AccessibilityService ,这里通过meta-data配置accessibility-service需要相应的事件以及其他属性。
这里的配置文件名称需要和meta-data中配置的一样&#xff0c;在res/xml中新建一个accessibilityservice.xml&#xff0c;如下&#xff1a;
<accessibility-service xmlns:android&#61;"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:description&#61;"&#64;string/pocket_description"android:accessibilityEventTypes&#61;"typeAllMask"android:packageNames&#61;"com.android.settings"android:accessibilityFeedbackType&#61;"feedbackGeneric"android:notificationTimeout&#61;"100"android:accessibilityFlags&#61;"flagDefault"android:canRetrieveWindowContent&#61;"true"android:canRequestTouchExplorationMode&#61;"true"android:canRequestEnhancedWebAccessibility&#61;"true"/>
上面的属性简单说明一下&#xff1a;
/*** Mask for {&#64;link AccessibilityEvent} all types.** &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_LONG_CLICKED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_SELECTED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_FOCUSED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_TEXT_CHANGED* &#64;see #TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED* &#64;see #TYPE_NOTIFICATION_STATE_CHANGED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_HOVER_ENTER* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_HOVER_EXIT* &#64;see #TYPE_TOUCH_EXPLORATION_GESTURE_START* &#64;see #TYPE_TOUCH_EXPLORATION_GESTURE_END* &#64;see #TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_SCROLLED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_TEXT_SELECTION_CHANGED* &#64;see #TYPE_ANNOUNCEMENT* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_TEXT_TRAVERSED_AT_MOVEMENT_GRANULARITY* &#64;see #TYPE_GESTURE_DETECTION_START* &#64;see #TYPE_GESTURE_DETECTION_END* &#64;see #TYPE_TOUCH_INTERACTION_START* &#64;see #TYPE_TOUCH_INTERACTION_END* &#64;see #TYPE_WINDOWS_CHANGED* &#64;see #TYPE_VIEW_CONTEXT_CLICKED*/public static final int TYPES_ALL_MASK &#61; 0xFFFFFFFF;
这里记录一下小插曲&#xff0c;Android studio中设置快捷键提示&#xff1a;
ctrl&#43;alt&#43;s
在左侧的导航框中点击 KeyMap。
接着在右边的树型框中选择 Main menu –> Code –> Completion.
接着需要做两件事&#xff1a;
1. 移除原来的Cycle Expand Word 的 Alt&#43;斜杠 快捷键绑定。
2. 在 Basic 上点击右键,去除原来的 Ctrl&#43;空格 绑定,然后添加 Alt &#43; 斜杠 快捷键。
此时运行我们的程序&#xff0c;在setting下打开辅助功能&#xff0c;找到我们的程序&#xff0c;允许其使用辅助功能。
允许使用辅助功能之后&#xff0c;此时运行程序&#xff0c;由于我们上面监听的是setting应用&#xff0c;所以此时打开setting&#xff0c;控制台就会打印出当前AccessibilityNodeInfo的信息&#xff0c;如下&#xff1a;
可以看到360和UC都是使用Accessibility来实现的自动安装功能&#xff0c;我们也来模仿实现一个自动安装的功能&#xff0c;在正式开始之前&#xff0c;先看下AccessibilityNodeInfo主要的方法&#xff0c;AccessibilityNodeInfo就是界面当中的每一个节点。
AccessibilityNodeInfo rootInActiveWindow
rootInActiveWindow.getChildCount(); //获得子元素的个数
rootInActiveWindow.getChild(0); //根据索引获取子元素
rootInActiveWindow.getText(); // 获得当前元素的文本内容
rootInActiveWindow.canOpenPopup(); //是否可以打开dialog
rootInActiveWindow.describeContents();rootInActiveWindow.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByText(); //根据文字内容获得当前AccessibilityNodeInfo对象
rootInActiveWindow.getClassName();
rootInActiveWindow.getPackageName();rootInActiveWindow.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId(); // 根据view的id获取当前AccessibilityNodeInfo对象
这里由于我们监听的是packageinstall的应用&#xff0c;因此需要将配置文件进行更改如下&#xff1a;
android:packageNames&#61;"com.android.packageinstaller"
先来看下点击install的时候&#xff0c;使用UIAutomator找到需要点击按钮的id&#xff0c;如下图&#xff1a;
ok,先关id找到以后&#xff0c;开始实现啦&#xff1a;首先要做的就是使当前界面跳转到安装应用的界面&#xff0c;使用下面的代码即可&#xff1a;
//APK_PATH为当前apk的全路径
Uri uri &#61; Uri.fromFile(new File(APK_PATH));
Intent localIntent &#61; new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
localIntent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
startActivity(localIntent);
当当前界面显示的是“com.android.packageinstaller”包所在的界面&#xff0c;此时就会回调onAccessibilityEvent方法&#xff0c;我们在该方法里实现自动点击需要点击的button
if (eventType&#61;&#61; AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_CONTENT_CHANGED ||eventType &#61;&#61; AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_WINDOW_STATE_CHANGED) { //当当前窗口发生变化时候&#xff0c;重新遍历&#xff0c;否则后面的控件找不到AccessibilityNodeInfo rootInActiveWindow &#61; getRootInActiveWindow();if (rootInActiveWindow &#61;&#61; null) {Log.d(TAG,"the rootInActiveWindow is null");} else {recycle(rootInActiveWindow);}}
可以看到上面的代码主要使用recycle方法来不断遍历当前界面的view找到需要点击的button&#xff0c;在进行模拟人为点击&#xff0c;recycle方法如下&#xff1a;
public void recycle(AccessibilityNodeInfo rootInActiveWindow) {if (rootInActiveWindow.getChildCount() &#61;&#61; 0) { //只有一个子元素Log.d(TAG,"the rootInActiveWindow count is : 0");} else {for (int i &#61; 0; i < rootInActiveWindow.getChildCount(); i&#43;&#43;) {AccessibilityNodeInfo nodeInfo &#61; rootInActiveWindow.getChild(i);// 这里根据UIAutomator来判断&#xff0c;我们当前需要点击的是buttonif (nodeInfo.getClassName().equals("android.widget.Button")) {String content &#61; nodeInfo.getText().toString();List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> okList &#61; nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId("com.android.packageinstaller:id/ok_button");List<AccessibilityNodeInfo> openList &#61; nodeInfo.findAccessibilityNodeInfosByViewId("com.android.packageinstaller:id/launch_button");//if ((null !&#61; okList && okList.size() > 0)) {Log.d(TAG, "the node content is :" &#43; content &#43; "&#61;&#61;the okbutton is :" &#43; okList.get(0));// 通过performAction来实现模拟点击事件okList.get(0).performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);}// 安装完成之后点击open按钮&#xff0c;打开当前应用if (null !&#61; openList && openList.size() > 0) {Log.d(TAG, "the node content is :" &#43; content &#43; "&#61;&#61;the openButton is :" &#43; openList.get(0));openList.get(0).performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);}String cancelDelete &#61; nodeInfo.getText().toString();//这里的取消是我的荣耀手机上的是否删除软件安装包的&#xff0c;这里选择取消if ("取消".equals(cancelDelete)) {nodeInfo.performAction(AccessibilityNodeInfo.ACTION_CLICK);}}}}}
此时运行效果如下&#xff1a;
源码下载