python3UnicodeEncodeError:'charmap'编解码器不能编码位置95-98中的字符:字符映射到<undefined>

一个月前我遇到了这个Github:https://github.com/taraslayshchuk/es2csv

我在Linux ubuntu中通过pip3安装了这个软件包.当我想使用这个包时,我遇到了这个包适用于python2的问题.我深入研究了代码,很快就发现了问题.

                for line in open(self.tmp_file, 'r'):
                timer += 1
                bar.update(timer)
                line_as_dict = json.loads(line)
                line_dict_utf8 = {k: v.encode('utf8') if isinstance(v, unicode) else v for k, v in line_as_dict.items()}
                csv_writer.writerow(line_dict_utf8)
            output_file.close()
            bar.finish()
        else:
            print('There is no docs with selected field(s): %s.' % ','.join(self.opts.fields))

代码检查了unicode,这在python3中是不必要的.因此,我将代码更改为下面的代码.因此,该软件包在Ubuntu 16下正常运行.

                for line in open(self.tmp_file, 'r'):
                timer += 1
                bar.update(timer)
                line_as_dict = json.loads(line)
                # line_dict_utf8 = {k: v.encode('utf8') if isinstance(v, unicode) else v for k, v in line_as_dict.items()}
                csv_writer.writerow(line_as_dict)
            output_file.close()
            bar.finish()
        else:
            print('There is no docs with selected field(s): %s.' % ','.join(self.opts.fields))

但一个月后,有必要让es2csv软件包在Windows 10操作系统上运行.在Windows 10下使用es2csv进行完全相同的调整后,我在尝试运行es2csv后收到以下错误消息:

    PS C:\> es2csv -u 192.168.230.151:9200 -i scrapy -o database.csv -q '*'
Found 218 results
Run query [#######################################################################################################################] [218/218] [100%] [0:00:00] [Time: 0:00:00] [  2.3 Kidocs/s]
Write to csv [#                                                                                                                     ] [2/218] [  0%] [0:00:00] [ETA: 0:00:00] [  3.9 Kilines/s]T
raceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\admin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\Scripts\es2csv-script.py", line 11, in 
    load_entry_point('es2csv==5.2.1', 'console_scripts', 'es2csv')()
  File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\es2csv.py", line 284, in main
    es.write_to_csv()
  File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\site-packages\es2csv.py", line 238, in write_to_csv
    csv_writer.writerow(line_as_dict)
  File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\csv.py", line 155, in writerow
    return self.writer.writerow(self._dict_to_list(rowdict))
  File "c:\users\admin\appdata\local\programs\python\python36\lib\encodings\cp1252.py", line 19, in encode
    return codecs.charmap_encode(input,self.errors,encoding_table)[0]
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters in position 95-98: character maps to 

有谁知道如何修复此错误消息？

这是由于openPython 3中的默认行为.默认情况下,Python 3将以文本模式打开文件,这意味着它还必须为其读取的每个字符应用文本解码,例如utf-8或ASCII.

Python将使用您的语言环境来确定最合适的编码.在OS X和Linux上,这通常是UTF-8.在Windows上,它将使用8位字符集,例如windows-1252,以匹配记事本的行为.

由于8位字符集只有有限数量的字符,因此最终尝试编写字符集不支持的字符非常容易.例如,如果您尝试使用Windows-1252(西欧字符集)编写希伯来字符.

要解决您的问题,您只需覆盖自动编码选择open并对其进行硬编码即可使用UTF-8:

for line in open(self.tmp_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8'):