子函数的定义

#定义一个子函数，格式是：
#def 函数名(参数1,参数2，‘‘‘): 这里有一个冒号不要忘记
#接下来定义一个没有参数的子函数printHello
def printHello() :
print("Hello world")
#直接调用函数
printHello()

#定义一个有参数的函数
def printAnimal(animalType,animaName):
print("My animal is "+animalType.title()+" ans name is "+animaName.title())
printAnimal("hamster","rourou")

#参入参数和位置没有关系
def printAnimal(animalType,animaName):
print("My animal is "+animalType.title()+" ans name is "+animaName.title())
printAnimal(animaName = "rourou",animalType = "hamster")

#并非传入所有的形参
def printName(firstName,midName,lastName):
if midName:
print("我有中间名字")
fullName = firstName + " " + midName + " " + lastName;
else:
print("我没有中间名字")
fullName = firstName + " " + lastName;
return fullName
firstName = input("输入你的第一个名字：")
midName = input("输入你的中间名字：")
lastName = input("输入你最后的名字：")
print(printName(firstName,midName,lastName))
#1.
# 输入你的第一个名字：a
# 输入你的中间名字：v
# 输入你最后的名字：s
# 我有中间名字
# a v s
# 2.
# 输入你的第一个名字：a
# 输入你的中间名字：
# 输入你最后的名字：b
# 我没有中间名字
# a b

#一个函数可以返回任何值，包括复杂的字典和列表
def getInfo(name,address,age=‘‘):
fullName = {
‘name‘: name,
‘address‘: address,
}
if age:
fullName[‘age‘] = age
return fullName
info = getInfo(‘小怪‘,‘北京‘,age=‘24‘)
print(info) #{‘name‘: ‘小怪‘, ‘address‘: ‘北京‘, ‘age‘: 24}
info = getInfo(‘小怪‘,‘北京‘) #{‘name‘: ‘小怪‘, ‘address‘: ‘北京‘}
print(info)

#可以向函数传递列表
def getUsers(userLst):
for user in userLst:
print(‘Hello ‘+user.title())
lst = [‘xiaoguai‘,‘daguai‘,‘wangqiang‘]
getUsers(lst)
# Hello Xiaoguai
# Hello Daguai
# Hello Wangqiang

#实现两个列表的传值和打印
def transmitValue(lst1,lst2):
while lst1 :
value = lst1.pop()
lst2.append(value)
def printLst(lst1):
for value in lst1:
print(value,end=" ")
print()
lst1 = [‘abc‘,‘bcd‘,‘cde‘,‘def‘,‘efg‘]
lst2 = []
transmitValue(lst1,lst2)
printLst(lst2) #efg def cde bcd abc 上述的lst1会变成空列表

#我们只是希望去把lst1的内容传递到lst2中，并不希望去改变lst1的内容，我们可以这么做
def transmitValue(lst1,lst2):
while lst1:
value = lst1.pop()
lst2.append(value)
def printLst(lst1):
for value in lst1:
print(value,end=" ")
lst1 = [‘abc‘,‘bcd‘,‘cde‘,‘def‘,‘efg‘]
lst2 = []
transmitValue(lst1[:],lst2) #这里我们只是传入了一个lst1的副本，所以这样就乐意保护真实的lst1不会变成空表
printLst(lst1) #abc bcd cde def efg
print()
printLst(lst2)#efg def cde bcd abc

def printValue(*element):
for value in element:
print(‘-‘+value.title())
print(‘abc‘,‘bcd‘,‘cde‘,‘def‘) #abc bcd cde def
print(‘abc‘,‘@@@‘,‘sdef‘) #abc @@@ sdef

#使用任意数量的关键字实参
#**userInfo编译器会自动创建一个空字典，字典名字是userInfo
def build_profile(first,last,**userInfo):
profile = {}
profile[‘firstName‘] = first
profile[‘lastName‘] = last
for key,value in userInfo.items():
profile[key] = value
return profile
first = input("输入你的第一个姓名：")
last = input("输入你的最后的姓名")
address = input("输入你的地址")
age = input(‘输入你的年龄‘)
userInfoList = build_profile(first,last,address=address,age=age)#{‘firstName‘: ‘xiaoguai‘, ‘lastName‘: ‘daguai‘, ‘address‘: ‘北京‘, ‘age‘: ‘24‘}
print(userInfoList)

#模板文件
def makePizza(size,*toppings):
print(‘Make a ‘+ str(size)+‘-inch Pizza with follow toppings:‘ )
for topping in toppings:
print(‘- ‘+ topping)

import template
template.makePizza(16,‘pepperoin‘,‘green peppers‘)
template.makePizza(12,‘mushroom‘,‘extra cheese‘)
# Make a 16-inch Pizza with follow toppings:
# - pepperoin
# - green peppers
# Make a 12-inch Pizza with follow toppings:
# - mushroom
# - extra cheese

#模板文件template.py
def makePizza(size,*toppings):
print(‘Make a ‘+ str(size)+‘-inch Pizza with follow toppings:‘ )
for topping in toppings:
print(‘- ‘+ topping)
def userInfoList(first,last,**personInfo):
person = {}
person[‘first‘] = first
person[‘last‘] = last
for key,value in personInfo.items():
person[key] = value
return person
#function2.py
from template import makePizza,userInfoList
makePizza(12,‘pepperoin‘,‘green peppers‘)
userList = userInfoList(‘xiaoguai‘,‘daguai‘,address=‘北京‘,age = 24)
print(userList)
# - pepperoin
# - green peppers
# {‘first‘: ‘xiaoguai‘, ‘last‘: ‘daguai‘, ‘address‘: ‘北京‘, ‘age‘: 24}

#template.py
def longNamelongName():
for i in range(1,10):
for j in range(1,i+1):
print(j,‘*‘,i,‘=‘,i*j,end="\t")
print()
#function2.py
from template import longNamelongName as nineList #给函数longNamelongName起了一个别名nineList
nineList()
# 1 * 1 = 1
# 1 * 2 = 2 2 * 2 = 4
# 1 * 3 = 3 2 * 3 = 6 3 * 3 = 9
# 1 * 4 = 4 2 * 4 = 8 3 * 4 = 12 4 * 4 = 16
# 1 * 5 = 5 2 * 5 = 10 3 * 5 = 15 4 * 5 = 20 5 * 5 = 25
# 1 * 6 = 6 2 * 6 = 12 3 * 6 = 18 4 * 6 = 24 5 * 6 = 30 6 * 6 = 36
# 1 * 7 = 7 2 * 7 = 14 3 * 7 = 21 4 * 7 = 28 5 * 7 = 35 6 * 7 = 42 7 * 7 = 49
# 1 * 8 = 8 2 * 8 = 16 3 * 8 = 24 4 * 8 = 32 5 * 8 = 40 6 * 8 = 48 7 * 8 = 56 8 * 8 = 64
# 1 * 9 = 9 2 * 9 = 18 3 * 9 = 27 4 * 9 = 36 5 * 9 = 45 6 * 9 = 54 7 * 9 = 63 8 * 9 = 72 9 * 9 = 81