YII2框架中使用RBAC对模块，控制器，方法的权限控制及规则的使用示例

return [
  // ...
  'components' => [
    'authManager' => [
      'class' => 'yii\rbac\DbManager',
    ],
    // ...
  ],
];

yii migrate --migratiOnPath=@yii/rbac/migrations

auth_assignment 角色与用户的关联表
auth_item 存放角色与权限，通过type字段区分
auth_item_child 存放角色与权限的上下级关系
auth_rule 规则表，用于扩展权限功能

<&＃63;php

namespace app\controllers;

use YII;
use app\models\MyUserLogin;
use app\rbac\UserUpdSelfRule;
use app\controllers\BaseController;

class IndexController extends BaseController
{

  //首页
  public function actionIndex()
  {
    $this->renderPartial('index');
  }

  //登陆
  public function actionLogin()
  {
    if (YII::$app->request->isPost) {
      $user = new MyUserLogin();
      $user->load(YII::$app->request->post(), '');

      if ($user->login()) {
        echo '登陆成功';
      } else {
        echo '登陆失败';
      }

    } else {
      return $this->renderPartial('login');
    }
  }

  //为了演示，这里我们添加几条权限
  public function actionPer()
  {
    $auth = YII::$app->authManager;
    //创建用户删除权限
    $per = $auth->createPermission('user/del');
    $per->description = '删除用户';
    $auth->add($per);
    //创建用户更新权限
    $per = $auth->createPermission('user/upd');
    $per->description = '更新用户';
    $auth->add($per);
    //创建用户添加权限
    $per = $auth->createPermission('user/add');
    $per->description = '添加用户';
    $auth->add($per);
    //创建用户查看权限
    $per = $auth->createPermission('user/list');
    $per->description = '查看用户列表';
    $auth->add($per);
  }

  //添加角色
  public function actionRole()
  {
    $auth = YII::$app->authManager;

    //添加管理员角色
    $admin = $auth->createRole('admin');
    $admin->description = '管理员';
    $auth->add($admin);
    //给管理员赋予权限
    $auth->addChild($admin, $auth->getPermission('user/del'));
    $auth->addChild($admin, $auth->getPermission('user/upd'));
    $auth->addChild($admin, $auth->getPermission('user/add'));
    $auth->addChild($admin, $auth->getPermission('user/list'));

    //添加普通员工角色
    $employee = $auth->createRole('employee');
    $employee->description = '普通员工';
    $auth->add($employee);
    $auth->addChild($employee, $auth->getPermission('user/list'));
    $auth->addChild($employee, $auth->getPermission('user/add'));
  }

  //给用户指派角色
  public function actionAssign()
  {
    $auth = YII::$app->authManager;

    //注意这里的2是用户的ID，即你用户表user里的ID
    //也可通过YII::$app->user->id获取
    $auth->assign($auth->getRole('admin'), 1);

    $auth->assign($auth->getRole('employee'), 2);
  }

  //添加规则
  public function actionRule()
  {
    $auth = YII::$app->authManager;
    $rule = new UserUpdSelfRule();
    $auth->add($rule);

    //创建权限，与规则关联
    $per = $auth->createPermission('user/upd/updSelf');
    $per->description = '用户只能修改自已';
    $per->ruleName = $rule->name;
    $auth->add($per);

    //这里，要注意，要把user/upd/updSelf权限设为user/upd的父级
    //要不然，普通员工访问user/upd这个方法会被拦住
    $auth->addChild($per, $auth->getPermission('user/upd'));
    //给普通员工赋予user/upd/updSelf权限，注意我们这里并没有给员工赋予user/upd权限
    $auth->addChild($auth->getRole('employee'), $per);
  }
}

<&＃63;php

//注意命名空间要跟你的目录对应
namespace app\rbac;

use yii\rbac\Rule;

//必须继承自yii\rbac\Rule
class UserUpdSelfRule extends Rule
{
  public $name = 'userUpdSelf';

  //必须要实现execute方法
  //$user表示用户ID
  //$item规则相关的角色或者权限
  //$params传递过来的参数
  public function execute($user, $item, $params)
  {
    //如果没有设置参数ID，直接返回true
    if (!isset($params['id'])) {
      return true;
    }
    //判断id是否是当前用户ID
    return ($params['id'] == $user) &＃63; true : false;
  }
}

<&＃63;php

namespace app\controllers;

use YII;
use yii\web\Controller;

class BaseController extends Controller
{
  //不需要验证的
  protected $noCheckAccess = [
    'index/index',
    'index/per',
    'index/role',
    'index/assign',
    'index/rule',
    'index/login',
  ];

  //不需要登陆的
  protected $noLogin = [
    'index/login',
  ];

  //验证权限
  //注意，不要把获取模块名，控制器名，方法名写到init()函数里，那样是获取不到的
  //这个坑我已经踩了，大家就不用再去踩了
  public function beforeAction($action)
  {
    $mid = !empty($this->module->id) &＃63; $this->module->id : '';
    $cid = !empty($this->id) &＃63; $this->id : '';
    $aid = !empty($action->id) &＃63; $action->id : '';

    //如果模块为basic，我们只验证控制器/方法
    if ($mid == 'basic') {
      $per = "{$cid}/{$aid}";
    } else {
      $per = "{$mid}/{$cid}/{$aid}";
    }

    if (!in_array($per, $this->noLogin)) {
      if (!$this->checkOnline()) {
        $this->redirect('index/login');
      }
    }

    if (!in_array($per, $this->noCheckAccess)) {
      if (!YII::$app->user->can($per)) {
        die('你没有权限');
      }
    }

    return parent::beforeAction($action);
  }

  //检查是否在线
  public function checkOnline()
  {
    return !empty(YII::$app->user->id) &＃63; true : false;
  }
}

<&＃63;php

namespace app\controllers;

use YII;
use app\controllers\BaseController;

class UserController extends BaseController
{
  public function actionUpd()
  {
    $id = YII::$app->request->get('id', 0);

    echo 'user id : ', YII::$app->user->id, '
';

    //先判断用户有没有只能修改自已的权限
    if (YII::$app->user->can('user/upd/updSelf')) {
      //然后再判断修改ID是否与自已的ID一样，在UserUpdSelfRule里进行判断
      if (YII::$app->user->can('user/upd/updSelf', ['id' => $id])) {
        echo '有权修改自已';
      } else {
        echo '不能修改除自已以外的';
      }
    } else {
      echo '修改所有';
    }
  }

  public function actionDel()
  {
    echo 'user id : ', YII::$app->user->id, '
';
    echo 'user del';
  }

  public function actionList()
  {
    echo 'user id : ', YII::$app->user->id, '
';
    echo 'user list';
  }

  public function actionAdd()
  {
    echo 'user id : ', YII::$app->user->id, '
';
    echo 'user add';
  }
}