相比于最常用的短信和邮件的通知方式,微信有着无可比拟的优势:快速、免费,特别适合用在报警通知类应用上。
但是微信并没有提供现成的api接口来给好友发送信息,公众平台也只能被动回复。那么如何才能主动发信息呢?答案就在微信网页版。
仔细观察微信网页版和服务器请求的记录,发现完全就是以oauth授权方式运行,完全不用考虑COOKIE。据此,分析请求记录,就能模拟网页版登录微信,从而实现主动向用户发送消息的功能。
以下是用到的请求:
1. 获取uuid,从返回的数据中,找到uuid
https://login.weixin.qq.com/jslogin?appid=wx782c26e4c19acffb&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwx.qq.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmmwebwx-bin%2Fwebwxnewloginpage&fun=new&lang=zh_CN
2. 获取二维码图片,然后使用微信扫描
https://login.weixin.qq.com/qrcode/$this->uuid?t=webwx
3. 获取令牌,轮询,直到从返回的数据中找到window.redirect_uri=xxxx的代码,xxx就是令牌url
https://login.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/login?uuid=$this->uuid&tip=1
4. 访问令牌url,获取sid。从返回的头信息中,分析出Uin,sid和uuid,保存起来
xxxxxx
5. 初始化微信,从返回的数据中读取UserName
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | $data = array ( "BaseRequest" => array ( "DeviceID" => 'e538770852445779' , "Sid" => $this ->sid, "Skey" => "" , "Uin" => $this ->Uin, ) ); $this ->post_contents( 'https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxinit' , $this ->encode( $data )); |
6. 获取Skey
1 | $this ->post_contents( 'https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsync?sid=' . urlencode( $this ->sid), '{"BaseRequest":{"Uin":' . $this ->Uin. ',"Sid":"' . $this ->sid. '"},"SyncKey":{"Count":0,"List":[]}}' ); |
7. 发送消息,POST方式,
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | $data = array ( "BaseRequest" => array ( "Uin" => $this ->Uin, "Sid" => $this ->sid, "Skey" => $this ->Skey, "DeviceID" => $this ->DeviceID, ), "Msg" => array ( "FromUserName" => $this ->FromUserName, "ToUserName" => $name , "Type" => 1, "Content" => $content , "ClientMsgId" => $this ->ClientMsgId, "LocalID" => $this ->ClientMsgId, ), ); $str = $this ->encode( $data ); son_decode( $this ->post_contents( 'https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsendmsg?sid=' . urlencode( $this ->sid) . '&r=' . $this ->ClientMsgId, $str ), true); |
发送消息的经典过程为:
- 初始化对象,设置Uin,sid,uuid
- 更新Skey
- 发送信息
但是微信网页版长时间不登录会失效,所以还需要写个任务去ping
1 2 | $data = '{"BaseRequest":{"Uin":' . $this ->Uin. ',"Sid":"' . $this ->sid. '"},"SyncKey":{"Count":0,"List":[]}}' ; $ret = json_decode( $this ->post_contents( 'https://wx.qq.com/cgi-bin/mmwebwx-bin/webwxsync?sid=' . urlencode( $this ->sid), $data , 30), true); |
微信的数据都是以json格式传输的,但是他这个json比较特殊,还需要用特别的函数来实现
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | protected function encode( $data ){ if (! is_array ( $data )){ return $this ->encode_str( $data ); } $ds = array (); foreach ( $data as $k => $v ){ $ds [] = "\"$k\":" . $this ->encode( $v ); } return '{' . join( ',' , $ds ) . '}' ; } protected function encode_str( $str ){ if (preg_match( '|^\d+$|' , $str )){ return $str ; } return '"' . str_replace ( '"' , '\"' , i |