C++STL学习（6）其他容器（string，array，hashtable等）

上述程序中，仿函数带入的时候使用的是： ::tolower（） ，这是因为这里支持此操作的是在全局区的C版本标准库函数。

print.h

#ifndef __PRINT_H
#define __PRINT_H

#include 
#include 

template 
void PRINT_ELEMENTS(const T& coll, const char* optcstr = " ")
{
typename T::const_iterator pos;
std::cout <for(pos = coll.begin(); pos != coll.end(); ++pos)
{
std::cout <<*pos <<' ';
}
std::cout <}

#endif

#ifndef __CARRAY_H
#define __CARRAY_H

#include 

template
class carray
{
private:
T v[thesize];
public:
typedef T value_type;
typedef T* iterator;
typedef const T*  const_iterator;
typedef T&        reference;
typedef const T&  const_reference;
typedef std::size_t size_type;
typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;

iterator begin()
{
return v;
}

const_iterator begin() const
{
return v;
}

iterator end()
{
return v + thesize;
}

const_iterator end() const
 {
return v + thesize;
}

reference operator[] (std::size_t i)
{
return v[i];
}

const_reference operator[] (std::size_t i) const
{
return v[i];
}

size_type size() const
{
return thesize;
}

T* as_arry()
{
return v;
}
};

array.cpp

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "carray.h"
#include "print.h"


using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
carray a;
for(unsigned i = 0; i {
a[i] = i + 1;
}
PRINT_ELEMENTS(a);
reverse(a.begin(), a.end(),
a.begin(),
negate());
PRINT_ELEMENTS(a);
return 0;
}

countptr.h

#ifndef __COUNTPTR_H
#define __COUNTPTR_H

template 
class CountedPtr
{
private:
T* ptr;
long* count;
public:
explicit CountedPtr(T* p=0) 
: ptr (p) , count (new long(1))
{
}

CountedPtr (const CountedPtr& p) throw()
: ptr(p.ptr), count(p.count)
{
++*count;
}
~CountedPtr () throw()
{
dispose();
}

CountedPtr& operator= (const CountedPtr& p) throw()
{
if(this != &p)
{
dispose();
ptr = p.ptr;
count = p.count;
++*count;
}
return *this;
}

T& operator*() const throw()
{
return *ptr;
}

T* operator->() const throw()
{
return ptr;
}

private:
void dispose()
{
if(--*count == 0)
{
delete count;
delete ptr;
}
}
};


#endif //__COUNTPTR_H

#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "countptr.h"
using namespace std;

void printCountedPtr(CountedPtr elem)
{
cout<<*elem <<' ';
}


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
static int values[] = {3, 5, 9, 1,  6, 4};

typedef CountedPtr IntPtr;
deque col1;
list col2;

for(int i=0; i{
IntPtr ptr(new int(values[i]));
col1.push_back(ptr);
col2.push_front(ptr);
}

for_each(col1.begin(), col1.end(),
printCountedPtr);
cout <
for_each(col2.begin(), col2.end(),
printCountedPtr);
cout <
*col1[2] *= *col1[2];
(**col1.begin()) *= -1;
(**col2.begin()) *= 0;

for_each(col1.begin(), col1.end(),
printCountedPtr);
cout <
for_each(col2.begin(), col2.end(),
printCountedPtr);
cout <
return 0;
}

注：博客内容均来自于对《C++标准库》侯捷，华中科技大学出版社一书的笔记。转载请注明出处。

所有例程在Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-5版本上编译运行，g++的版本是 g++ (GCC) 3.2.2 20030222。