Python标准库之日期、时间和日历模块

import time

time_stamp = time.time()
print(time_stamp, type(time_stamp))  # 1574923359.1739607 

format_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X")
print(format_time, type(format_time)) #2019-03-07 16:22:11 

# 格式化成2016-03-20 11:45:39形式
print (time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))

# UTC时区的struct_time:
print(time.gmtime() )  # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=28, tm_hour=6, tm_min=45, tm_sec=34, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=332, tm_isdst=0)

# 本地时区的struct_time: 
print( time.localtime() )  # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=28, tm_hour=14, tm_min=45, tm_sec=34, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=332, tm_isdst=0)

#  获取当前时间
print( time.localtime(time.time())
# 结构化时间的基准时间
print(time.localtime(0) )  # time.struct_time(tm_year=1970, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=8, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0)

# 结构化时间的基准时间上增加一年时间
print(time.localtime(3600 * 24 * 365) )  # time.struct_time(tm_year=1971, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=1, tm_hour=8, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=4, tm_yday=1, tm_isdst=0)

# 结构化时间
now_time = time.localtime()
print(now_time)  # time.struct_time(tm_year=2019, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=28, tm_hour=14, tm_min=51, tm_sec=55, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=332, tm_isdst=0)

# 把结构化时间转换为时间戳格式
print(time.mktime(now_time))  # 1574923915.0

# 把结构化时间转换为格式化时间
# %Y年-%m月-%d天 %X时分秒=%H时:%M分:%S秒
print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X", now_time) )  # 2019-11-28 14:51:55

# 把格式化时间化为结构化时间，它和strftime()是逆操作
print(time.strptime('2013-05-20 13:14:52', '%Y-%m-%d %X') )  # time.struct_time(tm_year=2013, tm_mon=5, tm_mday=20, tm_hour=13, tm_min=14, tm_sec=52, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=140, tm_isdst=-1)

# 把结构化时间表示为这种形式（24个字符的字符串）：'Sun Jun 20 23:21:05 1993'。
print(time.asctime() )  # Thu Nov 28 14:51:55 2019

# 如果没有参数，默认会将time.localtime()作为参数传入。
print(time.asctime(time.localtime()) )  # Thu Nov 28 14:51:55 2019

# 把一个时间戳转化为这种形式（24个字符的字符串）：'Sun Jun 20 23:21:05 1993'。
print(time.ctime() )  # Thu Nov 28 14:51:55 2019

# 如果参数未给或者为None的时候，默认会将time.time()为参数。它的作用相当于time.asctime(time.localtime(secs))。
print(time.ctime(time.time()))  # Thu Nov 28 14:51:55 2019


# 推迟指定的时间运行，单位为秒
start = time.time()
time.sleep(3)
end = time.time()

print(end-start) #3.0005428791046143


time.perf_counter()  # 返回系统运行时间
time.process_time()  # 返回进程运行时间

import datetime

import datetime
import time

# 返回当前时间
print(datetime.datetime.now() )  # 2019-11-28 15:02:23.138960
print(datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()) )  # 2019-11-28

# 当前时间+3天
print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(3) )  # 2019-12-01 15:02:23.138960

# 当前时间-3天
print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(-3))  # 2019-11-25 15:02:23.138960
# 当前时间-3小时
print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(hours=3)  )  # 2019-11-28 18:02:23.138960
# 当前时间+30分钟
print(datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(minutes=30) )  # 2019-11-28 15:32:23.138960

# 时间替换
c_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print(c_time.replace(minute=20, hour=5, secOnd=13))  # 2019-11-28 05:20:13.138960

import calendar

cal = calendar.month(2016, 1)
print ("以下输出2016年1月份的日历:")
print (cal)

以下输出2016年1月份的日历:
    January 2016
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
             1  2  3
 4  5  6  7  8  9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31

# 引入日历库模块
import sxtwl

# 日历中文索引
ymc = ["十一", "腊", "正", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九", "十"]
rmc = ["初一", "初二", "初三", "初四", "初五", "初六", "初七", "初八", "初九", "初十", "十一", "十二", "十三", "十四", "十五", "十六", "十七", "十八", "十九",
       "二十", "廿一", "廿二", "廿三", "廿四", "廿五", "廿六", "廿七", "廿八", "廿九", "三十", "卅一"]
# 实例化日历库
lunar = sxtwl.Lunar()

# 阴历转阳历
day = lunar.getDayByLunar(2030, 3, 27, False)  # 公元前的年可以用负数表示。比如公交前20年就用-20

print(u"公历:", day.y, u"年", day.m, u"月", day.d, u"日")
if day.Lleap:
    print(u"阴历:润", ymc[day.Lmc], u"月", rmc[day.Ldi], u"日")
else:
    print(u"阴历:", ymc[day.Lmc], u"月", rmc[day.Ldi], u"日")

# 同理，阳历转阴历
day = lunar.getDayBySolar(2018, 10, 20)

print(u"公历:", day.y, u"年", day.m, u"月", day.d, u"日")
if day.Lleap:
    print(u"阴历:润", ymc[day.Lmc], u"月", rmc[day.Ldi], u"日")
else:
    print(u"阴历:", ymc[day.Lmc], u"月", rmc[day.Ldi], u"日")