Linux系统下安装配置MongoDB过程详解

MongoDB是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由C++语言编写。旨在为WEB应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。下面详细讲解安装步骤。

1.下载(二进制版本免安装)
# wget http://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1.tgz
# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1.tgz -C /usr/local

2.配置
# useradd mongod ?s /sbin/nologin
# mkdir /www/data/mongo
# mkdir /var/log/mongo
# chown mongod.mongod /www/data/mongo
# chown mongod.mongod /var/log/mongo
# mkdir /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/etc
# cd /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/etc
# vim mongod.conf
# mongo.conf
#where to log
logpath=/var/log/mongo/mongod.log
logappend=true
# fork and run in background
fork = true
#port = 27017
dbpath=/www/data/mongo
# Enables periodic logging of CPU utilization and I/O wait
#cpu = true
# Turn on/off security. Off is currently the default
#noauth = true
#auth = true
# Verbose logging output.
#verbose = true
# Inspect all client data for validity on receipt (useful for
# developing drivers)
#objcheck = true
# Enable db quota management
#quota = true
# Set oplogging level where n is
# 0=off (default)
# 1=W
# 2=R
# 3=both
# 7=W+some reads
#oplog = 0
# Diagnostic/debugging option
#nocursors = true
# Ignore query hints
#nohints = true
# Disable the HTTP interface (Defaults to localhost:27018).
#nohttpinterface = true
# Turns off server-side scripting. This will result in greatly limited
# functionality
#noscripting = true
# Turns off table scans. Any query that would do a table scan fails.
#notablescan = true
# Disable data file preallocation.
#noprealloc = true
# Specify .ns file size for new databases.
# nssize =
# Accout token for Mongo monitoring server.
#mms-token =
# Server name for Mongo monitoring server.
#mms-name =
# Ping interval for Mongo monitoring server.
#mms-interval =
# Replication Options
# in replicated mongo databases, specify here whether this is a slave or master
#slave = true
#source = master.example.com
# Slave only: specify a single database to replicate
#Only= master.example.com
# or
#master = true
#source = slave.example.com

3.启动mongod
# /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/bin/mongod -f /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/etc/mongod.conf

4.自启动脚本
# vim /etc/init.d/mongod
#!/bin/bash
# mongod - Startup script for mongod
# chkconfig: 35 85 15
# description: Mongo is a scalable, document-oriented database.
# processname: mongod
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# things from mongod.conf get there by mongod reading it
OPTIOnS=" -f /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/etc/mongod.conf"
SYSCOnFIG="/etc/sysconfig/mongod"
mOngod="/usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/bin/mongod"
MONGO_USER=mongod
MONGO_GROUP=mongod
. "$SYSCONFIG" || true
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting mongod: "
daemon --user "$MONGO_USER" $mongod $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/mongod
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping mongod: "
killproc -p /www/data/mongo/mongod.lock -t30 -TERM $mongod
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/mongod
}
restart () {
stop
start
}
ulimit -n 12000
RETVAL=0
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart|reload|force-reload)
restart
;;
condrestart)
[ -f /var/lock/subsys/mongod ] && restart || :
;;
status)
status $mongod
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mongod
# chkconfig ?add mongod
# chkconfig mongod on
# service mongod restart

日志信息如下：
Sat May 7 14:40:55 got kill or ctrl c or hup signal 15 (Terminated), will terminate after current cmd ends
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] now exiting
Sat May 7 14:40:55 dbexit:
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] closing listening socket: 5
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] closing listening socket: 6
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] closing listening socket: 7
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] closing listening socket: 8
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-28017.sock
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] shutdown: going to flush diaglog...
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] shutdown: going to close sockets...
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] shutdown: waiting for fs preallocator...
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] shutdown: closing all files...
Sat May 7 14:40:55 closeAllFiles() finished
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [interruptThread] shutdown: removing fs lock...
Sat May 7 14:40:55 dbexit: really exiting now
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=20495 port=27017 dbpath=/www/data/mongo 64-bit
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [initandlisten] db version v1.8.1, pdfile version 4.5
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [initandlisten] git version: a429cd4f535b2499cc4130b06ff7c26f41c00f04
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [initandlisten] build sys info: Linux bs-linux64.10gen.cc 2.6.21.7-2.ec2.v1.2.fc8xen #1 SMP Fri Nov 20 17:48:28 EST 2009 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_41
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
Sat May 7 14:40:55 [websvr] web admin interface listening on port 28017

5.查看端口
# netstat -nptl | grep mongod
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 20495/mongod
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2801 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 20495/mongod

6.web界面
http://localhost:28017

7.登录
Mongo是mongodb自带的交互式Javascript shell，用来对mongod进行操作和管理的交互式环境。
# /usr/local/mongodb-linux-x86_64-1.8.1/bin/mongo
注意：MongoDB服务端可运行在Linux、Windows或OS X平台，支持32位和64位应用，默认端口为27017。推荐运行在64位平台，因为MongoDB在32位模式运行时支持的最大文件尺寸为2GB。