AndroidMQTTTLS/SSL认证

MQTT 是一种轻量级的、灵活的物联网消息交换和数据传递协议，致力于为 IoT 开发人员实现灵活性与硬件/网络资源的平衡。为了确保通讯安全，通常使用 TLS/SSL 来进行通讯加密。

本文主要介绍如何通过 Android 与 MQTT 进行 TLS/SSL 单向认证和双向认证。

准备

本文使用 Eclipse Paho Android Service 和 BouncyCastle，添加依赖

dependencies { implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3:1.1.0' implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.android.service:1.1.1' implementation 'org.bouncycastle:bcpkix-jdk15on:1.59' } 

以下是 Android 连接 TLS/SSL 的核心代码部分

MqttConnectOptions optiOns= new MqttConnectOptions(); SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = ... options.setSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory); 

重点在于如何获取 SSLSocketFactory，下面对单向认证和双向认证分别进行说明。

单向认证

单向认证是指服务端认证客户端，以下是核心代码

 public static SSLSocketFactory getSingleSocketFactory(InputStream caCrtFileInputStream) throws Exception { Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider()); X509Certificate caCert = null; BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(caCrtFileInputStream); CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509"); while (bis.available() > 0) { caCert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(bis); } KeyStore caKs = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); caKs.load(null, null); caKs.setCertificateEntry("cert-certificate", caCert); TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); tmf.init(caKs); SSLContext sslCOntext= SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2"); sslContext.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), null); return sslContext.getSocketFactory(); } 

我们把 ca.crt 放到 res/raw 下，然后调用

try { InputStream caCrtFileI = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.ca); options.setSocketFactory(getSingleSocketFactory(caCrtFile)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } 

双向认证

双向认证是指服务端和客户端相互认证，以下是关键代码

public static SSLSocketFactory getSocketFactory(InputStream caCrtFile, InputStream crtFile, InputStream keyFile, String password) throws Exception { Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider()); // load CA certificate X509Certificate caCert = null; BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(caCrtFile); CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509"); while (bis.available() > 0) { caCert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(bis); } // load client certificate bis = new BufferedInputStream(crtFile); X509Certificate cert = null; while (bis.available() > 0) { cert = (X509Certificate) cf.generateCertificate(bis); } // load client private cert PEMParser pemParser = new PEMParser(new InputStreamReader(keyFile)); Object object = pemParser.readObject(); JcaPEMKeyConverter cOnverter= new JcaPEMKeyConverter().setProvider("BC"); KeyPair key = converter.getKeyPair((PEMKeyPair) object); KeyStore caKs = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); caKs.load(null, null); caKs.setCertificateEntry("cert-certificate", caCert); TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); tmf.init(caKs); KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); ks.load(null, null); ks.setCertificateEntry("certificate", cert); ks.setKeyEntry("private-cert", key.getPrivate(), password.toCharArray(), new java.security.cert.Certificate[]{cert}); KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); kmf.init(ks, password.toCharArray()); SSLContext cOntext= SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2"); context.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(), null); return context.getSocketFactory(); } 

我们需要准备好服务端证书，客户端证书和秘钥放到 res/raw 下，然后调用，注意密码设为空字符串

try { InputStream caCrtFile = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.ca); InputStream crtFile = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.cert); InputStream keyFile = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.key); options.setSocketFactory(getSocketFactory(caCrtFile, crtFile, keyFile, "")); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } 

以上就是如何在 Android 上与 MQTT 进行 TLS/SSL 单向认证和双向认证。

版权声明： 本文为 EMQ 原创，转载请注明出处。

原文链接：https://www.emqx.io/cn/blog/android-mqtt-ssl-tls-authentication