Android BLE与终端通信&＃xff08;三&＃xff09;——客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信

前面的终究只是小知识点&＃xff0c;上不了台面&＃xff0c;也只能算是起到一个科普的作用&＃xff0c;而同步到实际的开发上去&＃xff0c;今天就来延续前两篇实现蓝牙主从关系的客户端和服务端了&＃xff0c;本文相关链接需要去google的API上查看&＃xff0c;需要翻墙的

Bluetooth Low Energy&＃xff1a;http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth-le.html

但是我们依然没有讲到BLE(低功耗蓝牙)&＃xff0c;放心&＃xff0c;下一篇就回讲到&＃xff0c;跟前面的基本上很大的不同&＃xff0c;我们今天来看下客户端和服务端的实现

我们以上篇为栗子&＃xff1a;
Android BLE与终端通信&＃xff08;二&＃xff09;——Android Bluetooth基础搜索蓝牙设备显示列表

一.蓝牙数据传输

蓝牙数据传输其实跟我们的 Socket&＃xff08;套接字&＃xff09;有点类似&＃xff0c;如果有不懂的&＃xff0c;可以百度一下概念&＃xff0c;我们只要知道是这么回事就可以了&＃xff0c;在网络中使用Socket和ServerSocket控制客户端和服务端来数据读写。而蓝牙通讯也是由客户端和服务端来完成的&＃xff0c;蓝牙客户端Socket是BluetoothSocket,蓝牙服务端Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,这两个类都在android.bluetooth包下&＃xff0c;而且无论是BluetoothSocket还是BluetoothServerSocket&＃xff0c;我们都需要一个UUID&＃xff08;标识符&＃xff09;&＃xff0c;这个UUID在上篇也是有提到&＃xff0c;而且他的格式也是固定的&＃xff1a;

UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)

第一段是8位&＃xff0c;中间三段式4位&＃xff0c;最后一段是12位&＃xff0c;UUID相当于Socket的端口&＃xff0c;而蓝牙地址则相当于Socket的IP

1.activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android&＃61;"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools&＃61;"http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"match_parent"android:orientation&＃61;"vertical" ><Button
android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"wrap_content"android:onClick&＃61;"btnSearch"android:text&＃61;"搜索蓝牙设备" /><ListView
android:id&＃61;"&＃64;&＃43;id/lvDevices"android:layout_width&＃61;"match_parent"android:layout_height&＃61;"0dp"android:layout_weight&＃61;"1" />LinearLayout>

2.实现步骤

1.声明

我们需要的东西


// 本地蓝牙适配器private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;// 列表private ListView lvDevices;// 存储搜索到的蓝牙private List bluetoothDevices &＃61; new ArrayList();// listview的adapterprivate ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;// UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUIDprivate final UUID MY_UUID &＃61; UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");// 连接对象的名称private final String NAME &＃61; "LGL";// 这里本身即是服务端也是客户端&＃xff0c;需要如下类private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;private BluetoothDevice device;// 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出private OutputStream os;

2.初始化

// 获取本地蓝牙适配器mBluetoothAdapter &＃61; BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();// 判断手机是否支持蓝牙if (mBluetoothAdapter &＃61;&＃61; null) {Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}// 判断是否打开蓝牙if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {// 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开Intent intent &＃61; new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent, 1);// 不做提示&＃xff0c;强行打开// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}// 初始化listviewlvDevices &＃61; (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);// 获取已经配对的设备Set pairedDevices &＃61; mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();// 判断是否有配对过的设备if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {// 遍历到列表中bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() &＃43; ":"&＃43; device.getAddress() &＃43; "\n");}}// adapterarrayAdapter &＃61; new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,bluetoothDevices);lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);/*** 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收*/// 找到设备的广播IntentFilter filter &＃61; new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);// 注册广播registerReceiver(receiver, filter);// 搜索完成的广播filter &＃61; new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);// 注册广播registerReceiver(receiver, filter);}

3.点击搜索

public void btnSearch(View v) {// 设置进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("正在搜索...");// 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索&＃xff0c;就取消搜索if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}// 开始搜索mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}

4.搜索设备

private final BroadcastReceiver receiver &＃61; new BroadcastReceiver() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {// 收到的广播类型String action &＃61; intent.getAction();// 发现设备的广播if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {// 从intent中获取设备BluetoothDevice device &＃61; intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);// 判断是否配对过if (device.getBondState() !&＃61; BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {// 添加到列表bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() &＃43; ":"&＃43; device.getAddress() &＃43; "\n");arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}// 搜索完成} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {// 关闭进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("搜索完成&＃xff01;");}}};

5.客户端实现已经发送数据流

// 客户端&＃64;Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position,long id) {// 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名String s &＃61; arrayAdapter.getItem(position);// 单独解析地址String address &＃61; s.substring(s.indexOf(":") &＃43; 1).trim();// 主动连接蓝牙try {// 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索&＃xff0c;就取消搜索if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}try {// 判断是否可以获得if (device &＃61;&＃61; null) {// 获得远程设备device &＃61; mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}// 开始连接if (clientSocket &＃61;&＃61; null) {clientSocket &＃61; device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);// 连接clientSocket.connect();// 获得输出流os &＃61; clientSocket.getOutputStream();}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception}// 如果成功获得输出流if (os !&＃61; null) {os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception}}


6.Handler服务

// 服务端&＃xff0c;需要监听客户端的线程类private Handler handler &＃61; new Handler() {public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();super.handleMessage(msg);}};

7.服务端读取数据流

// 线程服务类private class AcceptThread extends Thread {private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;private BluetoothSocket socket;// 输入 输出流private OutputStream os;private InputStream is;public AcceptThread() {try {serverSocket &＃61; mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}&＃64;Overridepublic void run() {// 截获客户端的蓝牙消息try {socket &＃61; serverSocket.accept(); // 如果阻塞了&＃xff0c;就会一直停留在这里is &＃61; socket.getInputStream();os &＃61; socket.getOutputStream();// 不断接收请求,如果客户端没有发送的话还是会阻塞while (true) {// 每次只发送128个字节byte[] buffer &＃61; new byte[128];// 读取int count &＃61; is.read();// 如果读取到了&＃xff0c;我们就发送刚才的那个ToastMessage msg &＃61; new Message();msg.obj &＃61; new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");handler.sendMessage(msg);}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception}}}

8.开启服务

首先要声明


//启动服务ac &＃61; new AcceptThread();ac.start();

MainActivity完整代码

package com.lgl.bluetoothget;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener {// 本地蓝牙适配器private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;// 列表private ListView lvDevices;// 存储搜索到的蓝牙private List bluetoothDevices &＃61; new ArrayList();// listview的adapterprivate ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;// UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUIDprivate final UUID MY_UUID &＃61; UUID.fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");// 连接对象的名称private final String NAME &＃61; "LGL";// 这里本身即是服务端也是客户端&＃xff0c;需要如下类private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;private BluetoothDevice device;// 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出private OutputStream os;//线程类的实例private AcceptThread ac;&＃64;Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);initView();}private void initView() {// 获取本地蓝牙适配器mBluetoothAdapter &＃61; BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();// 判断手机是否支持蓝牙if (mBluetoothAdapter &＃61;&＃61; null) {Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();finish();}// 判断是否打开蓝牙if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {// 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开Intent intent &＃61; new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(intent, 1);// 不做提示&＃xff0c;强行打开// mBluetoothAdapter.enable();}// 初始化listviewlvDevices &＃61; (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);// 获取已经配对的设备Set pairedDevices &＃61; mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();// 判断是否有配对过的设备if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {// 遍历到列表中bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() &＃43; ":"&＃43; device.getAddress() &＃43; "\n");}}// adapterarrayAdapter &＃61; new ArrayAdapter(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,bluetoothDevices);lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);//启动服务ac &＃61; new AcceptThread();ac.start();/*** 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收*/// 找到设备的广播IntentFilter filter &＃61; new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);// 注册广播registerReceiver(receiver, filter);// 搜索完成的广播filter &＃61; new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);// 注册广播registerReceiver(receiver, filter);}public void btnSearch(View v) {// 设置进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("正在搜索...");// 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索&＃xff0c;就取消搜索if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}// 开始搜索mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();}// 广播接收器private final BroadcastReceiver receiver &＃61; new BroadcastReceiver() {&＃64;Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {// 收到的广播类型String action &＃61; intent.getAction();// 发现设备的广播if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {// 从intent中获取设备BluetoothDevice device &＃61; intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);// 判断是否配对过if (device.getBondState() !&＃61; BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {// 添加到列表bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() &＃43; ":"&＃43; device.getAddress() &＃43; "\n");arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();}// 搜索完成} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {// 关闭进度条setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("搜索完成&＃xff01;");}}};// 客户端&＃64;Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position,long id) {// 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名String s &＃61; arrayAdapter.getItem(position);// 单独解析地址String address &＃61; s.substring(s.indexOf(":") &＃43; 1).trim();// 主动连接蓝牙try {// 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索&＃xff0c;就取消搜索if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}try {// 判断是否可以获得if (device &＃61;&＃61; null) {// 获得远程设备device &＃61; mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);}// 开始连接if (clientSocket &＃61;&＃61; null) {clientSocket &＃61; device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);// 连接clientSocket.connect();// 获得输出流os &＃61; clientSocket.getOutputStream();}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception}// 如果成功获得输出流if (os !&＃61; null) {os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception}}// 服务端&＃xff0c;需要监听客户端的线程类private Handler handler &＃61; new Handler() {public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();super.handleMessage(msg);}};// 线程服务类private class AcceptThread extends Thread {private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;private BluetoothSocket socket;// 输入 输出流private OutputStream os;private InputStream is;public AcceptThread() {try {serverSocket &＃61; mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);} catch (IOException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}&＃64;Overridepublic void run() {// 截获客户端的蓝牙消息try {socket &＃61; serverSocket.accept(); // 如果阻塞了&＃xff0c;就会一直停留在这里is &＃61; socket.getInputStream();os &＃61; socket.getOutputStream();// 不断接收请求,如果客户端没有发送的话还是会阻塞while (true) {// 每次只发送128个字节byte[] buffer &＃61; new byte[128];// 读取int count &＃61; is.read();// 如果读取到了&＃xff0c;我们就发送刚才的那个ToastMessage msg &＃61; new Message();msg.obj &＃61; new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");handler.sendMessage(msg);}} catch (Exception e) {// TODO: handle exception}}}
}


Google的API上其实已经说的很详细了的&＃xff0c;这里我再提供一份PDF学习文档&＃xff0c;可以更加直观的了解

PDF文档下载地址&＃xff1a;http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416162

Demo下载地址&＃xff1a;http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416158