1.学写爬虫,遇到一个问题,加了values={"wd":"test","ie":"utf-8"}就报错了,也就是我向百度页面搜索里面输入test就报错,百度了一圈没找到答案,请教一下各位大神如何处理,如果可以的话能否说明这是为什么,以及怎么处理类似的情况,谢谢!
2.代码如下(版本2.7):
(randHeader用来生成随机的Header,savef保存输出结果,logging.info用来调试,try处理可能的错误,其他部分就是爬虫的主体)
#coding:utf-8 import random import urllib2 import urllib import os import logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO) def savef(html,tpath): #12输入输出目录不存在,就创建 if not os.path.exists(tpath): os.makedirs(tpath) #12打开需要保存的文件(该命令下,如果文件不存在就创建新文件) with open(os.path.join(tpath,'2.html'),'w') as f: f.write(html) with open(os.path.join(tpath,'2.xml'),'w') as f: f.write(html) with open(os.path.join(tpath,'2.txt'),'w') as f: f.write(html) def randHeader(): head_connection = ['Keep-Alive','close'] head_accept = ['text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */*'] head_accept_language = ['zh-CN,fr-FR;q=0.5','en-US,en;q=0.8,zh-Hans-CN;q=0.5,zh-Hans;q=0.3'] head_user_agent = ['Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/28.0.1500.95 Safari/537.36', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; rv:11.0) like Gecko)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2) Gecko/2008070208 Firefox/3.0.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1) Gecko/20070309 Firefox/2.0.0.3', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1) Gecko/20070803 Firefox/1.5.0.12', 'Opera/9.27 (Windows NT 5.2; U; zh-cn)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; PPC Mac OS X; U; en) Opera 8.0', 'Opera/8.0 (Macintosh; PPC Mac OS X; U; en)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.12) Gecko/20080219 Firefox/2.0.0.12 Navigator/9.0.0.6', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/4.0)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/4.0)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.2; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Maxthon/4.0.6.2000 Chrome/26.0.1410.43 Safari/537.1 ', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.2; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.3.9825.400)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:21.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/21.0 ', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.92 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/6.0; BIDUBrowser 2.x)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/3.0 Safari/536.11'] header = { 'Connection': head_connection[0], 'Accept': head_accept[0], 'Accept-Language': head_accept_language[1], 'User-Agent': head_user_agent[random.randrange(0,len(head_user_agent))] } return header """ #输出随机Header for i in range(10): print(randHeader()) """ url1="http://www.baidu.com/" kkk=url1.split("/")[2] headers=randHeader() logging.info("headers=%s" % headers) values={"wd":"test","ie":"utf-8"} data=urllib.urlencode(values) request=urllib2.Request(url1,data,headers) #HTTP错误处理 try: urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError,e: logging.info("e.code=%s" % e.code) logging.info("e.read()=" % e.read()) response=urllib2.urlopen(request) html=response.read() #根目录 cpath="I:\\" #拼输出目录 tpath=os.path.join(cpath,kkk) savef(html,tpath)
3.输出结果如下:
页面不存在_百度搜索