我已经尝试了一些我能找到解决这个问题的东西,而且我开始把头发撕掉一点.我收到这个错误:
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting CACHES, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.
我做的时候我的脚本运行正常:
python3 ./manage.py runserver
但是,每当我尝试运行测试时,我都会收到上述错误...我使用VirtualEnv,它不会全局继承,所有内容都安装(使用正确的版本),并且在我的manage.py中设置了:
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", ".settings")
我正在使用PyCharm Proffesional开发,我已经尝试在IDE和shell中运行测试.在我正在使用的shell中:
python3 manage.py test
shell没有找到测试.测试是基本的,我并不是真的对目前的内容感到困扰,因为这是我正在努力的环境.更新:我已经解决了shell的问题.测试必须通过以下方式定义:
def test_():
然而,这并没有解决我与PyCharm的问题.我也打过电话:
settings.configure()
哪位告诉我它已经配置好了.
请注意,我没有使用任何带Django的数据库,我已经在设置中评论了相应的内容.
完整的错误是:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "/root/kiloenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 38, in _setup settings_module = os.environ[ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE] File "/usr/lib/python3.4/os.py", line 631, in __getitem__ raise KeyError(key) from None KeyError: 'DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/home//Documents/ / /tests.py", line 1, in from django.test.utils import setup_test_environment File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/test/__init__.py", line 5, in from django.test.client import Client, RequestFactory File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/test/client.py", line 11, in from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout, get_user_model File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/__init__.py", line 6, in from django.middleware.csrf import rotate_token File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/middleware/csrf.py", line 14, in from django.utils.cache import patch_vary_headers File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/cache.py", line 26, in from django.core.cache import get_cache File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/cache/__init__.py", line 69, in if DEFAULT_CACHE_ALIAS not in settings.CACHES: File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 54, in __getattr__ self._setup(name) File "/root/virtualenv/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 47, in _setup % (desc, ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE)) django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Requested setting CACHES, but settings are not configured. You must either define the environment variable DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE or call settings.configure() before accessing settings.
我在sudo下运行PyCharm 以确保问题不是权限,因为我将env存储在root下.
编辑:我刚刚发现我的测试不使用Django运行良好,但Pycharm仍然抛出几个失败.这些失败不是单独的测试,它们只是我在这里提到的错误(有341个测试与Django无关).我只有一个使用Django的测试,它不会超过初始化并抛出上述错误.
希望我一直都是解释性的
用这个
import os os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mysite.settings'
代替
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "<appname>.settings")
如果您使用的是PyCharm Pro,您可以通过"Run Django Console ..."操作来测试您的应用.单击"测试"后,它将提示您输入要测试的应用程序.
要么
在运行/调试配置中创建Django测试.
在您的python脚本中,您尝试在设置环境之前访问Django模型,请按以下顺序尝试:
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "<appname>.`settings`") from <appname>.models import Class1, Class2,...