如何正确确定文本文件的字符编码？

这是我的情况:我需要正确确定哪个字符编码用于给定的文本文件.希望它能正确返回以下类型之一:

enum CHARACTER_ENCODING
{
    ANSI,
    Unicode,
    Unicode_big_endian,
    UTF8_with_BOM,
    UTF8_without_BOM
};

到目前为止,我可以正确地告诉文本文件Unicode,Unicode big endian或者UTF-8 with BOM通过调用以下函数.它还可以正确地确定ANSI给定的文本文件是否最初不是UTF-8 without BOM.问题是,当文本文件是UTF-8 without BOM,以下函数将错误地将其视为ANSI文件.

CHARACTER_ENCODING get_text_file_encoding(const char *filename)
{
    CHARACTER_ENCODING encoding;

    unsigned char uniTxt[] = {0xFF, 0xFE};// Unicode file header
    unsigned char endianTxt[] = {0xFE, 0xFF};// Unicode big endian file header
    unsigned char utf8Txt[] = {0xEF, 0xBB};// UTF_8 file header

    DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
    HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(filename, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        hFile = NULL;
        CloseHandle(hFile);
        throw runtime_error("cannot open file");
    }
    BYTE *lpHeader = new BYTE[2];
    ReadFile(hFile, lpHeader, 2, &dwBytesRead, NULL);
    CloseHandle(hFile);

    if (lpHeader[0] == uniTxt[0] && lpHeader[1] == uniTxt[1])// Unicode file
        encoding = CHARACTER_ENCODING::Unicode;
    else if (lpHeader[0] == endianTxt[0] && lpHeader[1] == endianTxt[1])//  Unicode big endian file
        encoding = CHARACTER_ENCODING::Unicode_big_endian;
    else if (lpHeader[0] == utf8Txt[0] && lpHeader[1] == utf8Txt[1])// UTF-8 file
        encoding = CHARACTER_ENCODING::UTF8_with_BOM;
    else
        encoding = CHARACTER_ENCODING::ANSI;   //Ascii

    delete []lpHeader;
    return encoding;
}

这个问题已经阻止了我很长时间,我仍然找不到一个好的解决方案.任何提示将不胜感激.