JCA,它的提供者和JCE之间的关系？

我认为JCA替代JCE很简单.但是,编写一些测试代码以获取我系统上的所有提供程序后显示情况并非如此.

我注意到以下几点:

一些算法有多个供应商(如:MD5withRSA是SunRsaSign和SunJSSE)

JCA似乎有type超出JCE中的算法

第1项是有道理的,因为JCA(对我来说)作为JCE提供者的库/数组来挑选.

第2项有点令人困惑,因为它表明JCA不是一组"相同的"JCE提供者; 对于任何和所有"类型"的提供者来说,它都是某种水坑,JCE接口与否.

那么,JCA,它的供应商和JCE之间的工作关系是什么？提供者是否也存在于独立的孤岛中,或者它们是否相互"构建"/它们之间是否存在依赖关系？

对于那些对代码感兴趣的人和提出这个问题的结果,下面列出了它

import java.security.Provider;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ConsoleListJca 
{
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        for (Provider provider : Security.getProviders()) 
        {
            System.out.println("Provider: " + provider.getName() + " (ver " + provider.getVersion() + ")");
            System.out.print("  Algorithms: ");
            ArrayList algos = new ArrayList();
            for (Provider.Service service : provider.getServices()) 
            {
                algos.add(String.format( "%s (%s)", service.getAlgorithm(), service.getType()));
            }
            java.util.Collections.sort(algos);
            String algorsStr = algos.toString();
            // remove [ and ] from ArrayList's toString()
            algorsStr = algorsStr.substring(1, algorsStr.length()-1); 
            System.out.println(algorsStr);
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

和结果(格式化为SO)是

Provider: SUN (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: CaseExactJKS (KeyStore), Collection (CertStore), DSA (AlgorithmParameterGenerator), 
              DSA (AlgorithmParameters), DSA (KeyFactory), DSA (KeyPairGenerator), 
              JKS (KeyStore), JavaLoginConfig (Configuration), JavaPolicy (Policy), 
              LDAP (CertStore), MD2 (MessageDigest), MD5 (MessageDigest), NONEwithDSA (Signature), 
              NativePRNG (SecureRandom), PKIX (CertPathBuilder), PKIX (CertPathValidator), 
              SHA (MessageDigest), SHA-256 (MessageDigest), SHA-384 (MessageDigest), 
              SHA-512 (MessageDigest), SHA1PRNG (SecureRandom), SHA1withDSA (Signature), 
              X.509 (CertificateFactory), com.sun.security.IndexedCollection (CertStore)

Provider: SunRsaSign (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: MD2withRSA (Signature), MD5withRSA (Signature), RSA (KeyFactory), RSA (KeyPairGenerator), 
              SHA1withRSA (Signature), SHA256withRSA (Signature), SHA384withRSA (Signature), 
              SHA512withRSA (Signature)

Provider: SunEC (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: EC (AlgorithmParameters), EC (KeyFactory), EC (KeyPairGenerator), ECDH (KeyAgreement), 
              NONEwithECDSA (Signature), SHA1withECDSA (Signature), SHA256withECDSA (Signature), 
              SHA384withECDSA (Signature), SHA512withECDSA (Signature)

Provider: SunJSSE (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: Default (SSLContext), MD2withRSA (Signature), MD5andSHA1withRSA (Signature), 
              MD5withRSA (Signature), NewSunX509 (KeyManagerFactory), PKCS12 (KeyStore), 
              PKIX (TrustManagerFactory), RSA (KeyFactory), RSA (KeyPairGenerator), 
              SHA1withRSA (Signature), SunX509 (KeyManagerFactory), SunX509 (TrustManagerFactory), 
              TLSv1 (SSLContext), TLSv1.1 (SSLContext), TLSv1.2 (SSLContext)

Provider: SunJCE (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: AES (AlgorithmParameters), AES (Cipher), AES (KeyGenerator), AESWrap (Cipher), 
              ARCFOUR (Cipher), ARCFOUR (KeyGenerator), Blowfish (AlgorithmParameters), 
              Blowfish (Cipher), Blowfish (KeyGenerator), DES (AlgorithmParameters), 
              DES (Cipher), DES (KeyGenerator), DES (SecretKeyFactory), DESede (AlgorithmParameters), 
              DESede (Cipher), DESede (KeyGenerator), DESede (SecretKeyFactory), DESedeWrap (Cipher), 
              DiffieHellman (AlgorithmParameterGenerator), DiffieHellman (AlgorithmParameters), 
              DiffieHellman (KeyAgreement), DiffieHellman (KeyFactory), 
              DiffieHellman (KeyPairGenerator), HmacMD5 (KeyGenerator), HmacMD5 (Mac), 
              HmacPBESHA1 (Mac), HmacSHA1 (KeyGenerator), HmacSHA1 (Mac), HmacSHA256 (KeyGenerator), 
              HmacSHA256 (Mac), HmacSHA384 (KeyGenerator), HmacSHA384 (Mac), HmacSHA512 (KeyGenerator), 
              HmacSHA512 (Mac), JCEKS (KeyStore), OAEP (AlgorithmParameters), PBE (AlgorithmParameters), 
              PBEWithMD5AndDES (AlgorithmParameters), PBEWithMD5AndDES (Cipher), 
              PBEWithMD5AndDES (SecretKeyFactory), PBEWithMD5AndTripleDES (AlgorithmParameters), 
              PBEWithMD5AndTripleDES (Cipher), PBEWithMD5AndTripleDES (SecretKeyFactory), 
              PBEWithSHA1AndDESede (AlgorithmParameters), PBEWithSHA1AndDESede (Cipher), 
              PBEWithSHA1AndDESede (SecretKeyFactory), PBEWithSHA1AndRC2_40 (AlgorithmParameters), 
              PBEWithSHA1AndRC2_40 (Cipher), PBEWithSHA1AndRC2_40 (SecretKeyFactory), 
              PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1 (SecretKeyFactory), RC2 (AlgorithmParameters), RC2 (Cipher), 
              RC2 (KeyGenerator), RSA (Cipher), SslMacMD5 (Mac), SslMacSHA1 (Mac), 
              SunTls12Prf (KeyGenerator), SunTlsKeyMaterial (KeyGenerator), SunTlsMasterSecret (KeyGenerator), 
              SunTlsPrf (KeyGenerator), SunTlsRsaPremasterSecret (KeyGenerator)

Provider: SunJGSS (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: 1.2.840.113554.1.2.2 (GssApiMechanism), 1.3.6.1.5.5.2 (GssApiMechanism)

Provider: SunSASL (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: CRAM-MD5 (SaslClientFactory), CRAM-MD5 (SaslServerFactory), DIGEST-MD5 (SaslClientFactory), 
              DIGEST-MD5 (SaslServerFactory), EXTERNAL (SaslClientFactory), GSSAPI (SaslClientFactory), 
              GSSAPI (SaslServerFactory), NTLM (SaslClientFactory), NTLM (SaslServerFactory), PLAIN (SaslClientFactory)

Provider: XMLDSig (ver 1.0)
  Algorithms: DOM (KeyInfoFactory), DOM (XMLSignatureFactory), 
              http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#base64 (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n# (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#WithComments (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/2002/06/xmldsig-filter2 (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/2006/12/xml-c14n11 (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/2006/12/xml-c14n11#WithComments (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116 (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116 (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315 (TransformService), 
              http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315#WithComments (TransformService)

Provider: SunPCSC (ver 1.7)
  Algorithms: PC/SC (TerminalFactory)

Provider: Apple (ver 1.1)
  Algorithms: KeychainStore (KeyStore)

Hesper.. 11

JCA和JCE之间的基本区别在于JCE是JCA的扩展,而不是替代.在JCA包括类,如MessageDigest,SecureRandom,KeyFactory,Signature和KeyStore.JCE加密码的一些类,如Cipher,KeyGeneration,Mac和KeyGeneration.JCA和JCE之间的区别已基本消失,因为JCE已经提供标准运行时一段时间了.

JCA/JCE旨在将加密实现与抽象分开.它是一个基于提供程序的体系结构,您可以在其中插入您选择的提供程序,例如BouncyCastle,它具有比标准Java运行时中包含的提供程序提供的更多加密算法支持.