Ubuntu8.04中安装nVidia新版显卡驱动

环境：Ubuntu 8.04 AMD64，nvidia-glx-new显示驱动

目标：安装nvidia新版驱动173.14.05。

步骤：

1. 下载驱动包：
http://www.nvidia.com/object/linux_display_amd64_173.14.05.html，下载的文件存盘备用。

2. 完全删除原驱动，包括Ubuntu自带的nv驱动和nvidia-glx-new驱动：
此步骤非常重要。参考英文如下。

If you wish to install the NVIDIA Linux graphics driver on a Fedora Core 6, Fedora 7/9 or RHEL5 system, please ensure that your system meets the following requirements:

* the latest update kernel is installed and in use
* a kernel-devel RPM is installed that corresponds to the kernel that is in use. Note, FC6 has a known bug which occasionally installs a kernel-devel RPM that is a different arch than the kernel (i586 & i686 mixed). See: https://bugzilla.RedHat.com/bugzilla....cgi?id=211941
* the pkgconfig and xorg-x11-server-sdk RPMs are installed (only applies to FC6)
* Xen kernels are not currently supported

The items above can be addressed with the following commands (they need to be run as root):
# yum install kernel-devel xorg-x11-server-sdk pkgconfig
# yum update
# reboot

If you are using an SMP (multi-CPU and/or multi-core) enabled system in FC5(only), please replace kernel-devel with kernel-smp-devel in the command above.

The SELinux requirement can be addressed via two mechanisms after the NVIDIA Linux graphics driver has been installed:

1) If you do not wish to use SELinux enforcement, you can disable it by running the `setenforce 0` command before starting X, or by adding selinux=0 to the end of the kernel line in /etc/grub.conf and rebooting.

2) If you wish to use SELinux enforcement, you will need to change the security context of the NVIDIA X driver module and of the server-side NVIDIA GLX extension module. To achieve this, please run the commands listed for your platform below:

Linux/x86 (32-bit):
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_drv.so
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so.1.0.9631
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib/tls/libnvidia-tls.so.1
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib/libGLcore.so.1.0.9631

Linux/x86-64 (64-bit):
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/drivers/nvidia_drv.so
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib64/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so.1.0.9631
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib64/libGLcore.so.1.0.9631
# chcon -t texrel_shlib_t /usr/lib64/tls/libnvidia-tls.so.1

Debian GNU/Linux or [K]Ubuntu with Xorg 7.x

If you wish to install the NVIDIA Linux graphics driver on a Debian GNU/Linux or Ubuntu system that ships with Xorg 7.x, please ensure that your system meets the following requirements:

* development tools like make and gcc are installed
* the linux-headers package matching the installed Linux kernel is installed
* the pkg-config and xserver-xorg-dev packages are installed
* the nvidia-glx package has been uninstalled with the --purge option and the files /etc/init.d/nvidia-glx and /etc/init.d/nvidia-kernel do not exist
If you use Ubuntu, please also ensure that the linux-restricted-modules or linux-restricted-modules-common packages have been uninstalled. Alternatively, you can edit the /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules or /etc/default/linux-restricted-modules-common configuration file and disable the NVIDIA linux-restricted kernel modules (nvidia, nvidia_legacy) via:

DISABLED_MODULES="nv nvidia_new"
Additionally, delete the following file if it exists:
/lib/linux-restricted-modules/.nvidia_new_installed
Please note: unfortunately, it has become difficult to keep track of the pre-/post-installation steps required for [K]Ubuntu, and the above instructions may be incomplete. If in doubt, it is recommended that you use your distributor's NVIDIA Linux graphics driver packages, exclusively.

3. 重新启动，并关闭xserver：
关闭xserver命令（gnome）：
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop

4. 安装驱动：
sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-173.14.05-pkg2.run

5. 启动xserver：
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start

6. 调整分辨率：
如果启动后显示分辨率不正常，需要修改xorg.conf。
cd /etc/X11
sudo cp xorg.conf xorg.conf.mybackup
sudo vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf

确认Device里面的Driver一项定义是"nvidia；
删除Monitor定义里面的Modeline一行；
Screen里面Modes一行改为
Modes "nvidia-auto-select"

修改后重新启动xserver。Ctrl-Alt-Backspace。

7. 调整个人分辨率配置：
如果登录界面分辨率正常，但用户登录后变为低分辨率，需要在个人选项里面调整：
System -> Preferences -> Screen Resolutions

8. 显示驱动细节调整：
sudo nvidia-settings

必须用root权限运行，否则配置无法保存到xorg.conf里面。

搞定。

PS，新驱动比Ubuntu自带的nvidia-glx-new显示效果强太多了，画面变得通透，没了雾蒙蒙的感觉。

原创：Coffee & Beer