1、MySQL是一个开放源码的小型关联式数据库管理系统,开发者为瑞典MySQL AB公司。MySQL被广泛地应用在Internet上的中小型网站中。由于其体积小、速度快、总体拥有成本低,尤其是开放源码这一特点,许多中小型网站为了降低网站总体拥有成本而选择了MySQL作为网站数据库。如果用Linux作为操作系统,Apache作为web服务器,MySQL作为数据库,PHP/Perl/Python作为服务器端脚本解释器就可以组合成稳定、免费、功能强大的网站系统,也就是所谓的LAMP组合,这篇文简单介绍一下MySQL的安装配置。
2、MySQL安装流程如下图:
3、MySQL编译安装具体实现:
准备环境,由于SQL的数据量增长很快,MySQL数据库最好放在LVM上以便很好的进行扩展。
创建逻辑卷用来存放数据库
[root@localhost ~] # ls -l /dev/sdb1 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Mar 12 00:19 /dev/sdb1 [root@localhost ~] # pvcreate /dev/sdb1 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created [root@localhost ~] # vgcreate l23f /dev/sdb1 Volume group "l23f" successfully created [root@localhost ~] # lvcreate -L 2G -n l23 l23f Logical volume "l23" created [root@localhost ~] # lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert l23 l23f -wi-a----- 2.00g root vg0 -wi-ao---- 20.00g swap vg0 -wi-ao---- 2.00g usr vg0 -wi-ao---- 10.00g var vg0 -wi-ao---- 20.00g |
对逻辑卷进行格式化
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[root@localhost ~] # mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/l23f/l23 |
准备数据库存放目录并挂载逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~] # mkdir -pv /data/mysqldata mkdir : created directory ` /data ' mkdir : created directory ` /data/mysqldata ' [root@localhost ~] # mount /dev/l23f/l23 /data/mysqldata |
下载文件并解压
[root@localhost ~] # lftp 172.16.0.1 lftp 172.16.0.1:~> cd pub /Sources/6 .x86_64 /mysql/ lftp 172.16.0.1: /pub/Sources/6 .x86_64 /mysql > ls -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 186839926 Aug 22 2013 mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64. tar .gz -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 307062424 Aug 22 2013 mysql-5.6.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64. tar .gz -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 307176769 Oct 07 05:26 mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64. tar .gz lftp 172.16.0.1: /pub/Sources/6 .x86_64 /mysql > get mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64. tar .gz 186839926 bytes transferred in 25 seconds (7.07M /s ) lftp 172.16.0.1: /pub/Sources/6 .x86_64 /mysql > bye [root@localhost ~] # ls -l mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 186839926 Aug 22 2013 mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64. tar .gz [root@localhost ~] # tar xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ [root@localhost ~] # ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql ` /usr/local/mysql ' -> `/usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/' [root@localhost ~] # cd /usr/local/ [root@localhost local ] # ls bin etc games include lib lib64 libexec mysql mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64 sbin share src |
创建mysql用户和组,由于root权限太大所以非常不安全,需要建立mysql用户
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[root@localhost local ] # groupadd mysql [root@localhost local ] # useradd -g mysql mysql [root@localhost local ] # id mysql uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups =500(mysql) [root@localhost local ] # |
设置权限
[root@localhost mysql] # chown -R mysql:mysql ./* [root@localhost mysql] # chown -R :mysql /data/mysqldata/ [root@localhost mysql] # ll total 200 drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 bin -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 17987 Jul 15 2013 COPYING drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 data drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 docs drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 include -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 134493 Jul 15 2013 INSTALL-BINARY drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 lib drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 man drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 mysql- test -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 2496 Jul 15 2013 README drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 scripts drwxr-xr-x 27 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 share drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 12 00:42 support-files [root@localhost mysql] # ll /data/mysqldata/ total 16 drwx------ 2 root mysql 16384 Mar 12 00:34 lost+found |
安装、配置
[root@localhost mysql] # scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysqldata/ --user=mysql |
配置服务脚本以及mysql配置文件
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[root@localhost mysql] # cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql] # cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf |
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[root@localhost mysql] # vim /etc/my.cnf |
添加服务,启动mysql
[root@localhost mysql] # chkconfig --add mysqld [root@localhost mysql] # chkconfig --list mysqld mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off [root@localhost mysql] # service mysqld start Starting MySQL [ OK ] [root@localhost mysql] # |
修改环境变量
[root@localhost local ] # vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh [root@localhost local ] # . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh [root@localhost local ] # service mysqld start Starting MySQL [ OK ] [root@localhost local ] # service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL. [ OK ] [root@localhost local ] # service mysqld start Starting MySQL.. [ OK ] [root@localhost local ] # |
安装完成,登陆进行测试
为了开发时可以调用mysql进行如下设置
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[root@localhost mysql] # ls bin data include lib mysql- test scripts sql-bench COPYING docs INSTALL-BINARY man README share support-files [root@localhost mysql] # ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql ` /usr/include/mysql ' -> `/usr/local/mysql/include/' |
库文件写入配置文件
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[root@localhost mysql] # vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf |
man文档写入配置文件
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vim /etc/man .config |
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[root@localhost mysql] # man mysql |
整个过程结束。。。。。。
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