PostgreSQL9.0安装过程笔记

PostgreSQL 9已经发布了，我属于新版本控，于是计划着在VPS( win server 2003)和服务器(CentOS 5.5)上安装，先不讲过程，结果是服务器上已成功安装，VPS主动放弃。在些提醒各位，PostgreSQL 9安装很纠结，选择需慎重。

一、VPS（win server 2003）

直接在官网下载 win安装包.exe文件,按照8.4版本的习惯一路直下，在安装完成的时候出现 “ Problem running post-install step. Installation may not complete correctly. The database cluster initialisation failed.” GG一下，看到有人讲在非英文系统下安装时Local选择非默认语言，如Singapore或c（别听那些不靠谱的说选Chinese，在9.0版本中压根没那选项）。于是把自己电脑上（ win xp）的8.4卸载，重新安装选择Singapore（新加坡，对中文支持比较好），依然一路直下，OK搞定。然后把VPS卸载重新安装，依然出错，泪流满面……把公司另台电脑格掉装上win server 2003，安装时local选Singapore，结果成功。后来又在VPS上尝试local时选C或者其他，依然失败，然后又拿8.4甚至8.3版本安装失败依然。在其他win系统（包括同版本的win server 2003）中可正常安装，好吧VPS，到期我就换掉你丫的。

win正常安装pg9请注意：中文版系统安装时local一定选择非默认语言。

二、服务器（CentOS 5.5）

一直想给服务器（使用CentOS）装上PostgreSQL，最初的时候使用yum，结果一看是在Down 8.3版本（丫的先不说9.0版已经横空出世，8.4版可出来N久了），直接ctrl+C。

之后参照鱼哥(smallfish)的教程（点击）下载了并安装了pg9初始化时:

service postgresql initdb
Usage: /etc/init.d/postgresql {start|stop|restart|reload|status}
@##@！￥￥@#什么东东，可以使用了吗？
service postgresql start
Starting PostgreSQL: ok
service postgresql stop
Stopping PostgreSQL: pg_ctl: PID file "/usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid" does not exist
Is server running?
什么状况？欲哭无泪……于是等yum安装Pg版本升级到9.0。前天几发现已经到9.0了:

yum postgresql postgresql-server
最后出现：

apr-util-1.2.7-11.el5_5.1.i386 from installed has depsolving problems
--> Missing Dependency: libpq.so.4 is needed by package apr-util-1.2.7-11.el5_5.1.i386 (installed)
lxphp-5.2.1-400.i386 from installed has depsolving problems
--> Missing Dependency: libpq.so.4 is needed by package lxphp-5.2.1-400.i386 (installed)
Error: Missing Dependency: libpq.so.4 is needed by package lxphp-5.2.1-400.i386 (installed)
Error: Missing Dependency: libpq.so.4 is needed by package apr-util-1.2.7-11.el5_5.1.i386 (installed)
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: package-cleanup --problems
package-cleanup --dupes
rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
看到这些真是心灰意冷，感觉服务器被我折腾的千疮百孔……

后来就去Gtalk去问鱼哥，操作如下：

查看rpm安装包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep postgres
postgresql-libs-8.1.22-1.el5_5.1
postgresql90-libs-9.0.0-1PGDG.rhel5
postgresql90-contrib-9.0.0-1PGDG.rhel5
postgresql90-devel-9.0.0-1PGDG.rhel5
postgresql90-9.0.0-1PGDG.rhel5
postgresql90-server-9.0.0-1PGDG.rhel5
貌似装好了？太貌似了。可是依然：
service postgresql initdb
Usage: /etc/init.d/postgresql {start|stop|restart|reload|status}
service postgresql start
Starting PostgreSQL: ok
service postgresql stop
Stopping PostgreSQL: pg_ctl: PID file "/usr/local/pgsql/data/postmaster.pid" does not exist
Is server running?
源码安装一次，然后rpm安装一次，2个混乱了？/usr/local/pgsql/源码编译的prefix，那么把编译的直接删除，MV到一个临时目录下，清理干净/var/local/pgsql、/var/lib/pgsql，mv走/init.d/postgres。按照依赖删除rpm。

全部删除完毕，重新rpm安装初始化时：

[root@localhost home]# service postgresql initdb
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster not found
要么编译安装吧，基本选项就是prefix，指定个目录就OK了。可是依然无法初始化……

最后，把由鱼哥持刀（当然不是杀鱼：）解决

原因：initdb不支持gb编码，需手动指定编码、手动指定initdb目录。

操作：

export LC_ALL=UTF8
initdb -D /var/lib/pgsql/9.0/data(此目录为rpm安装默认目录)
另：安装psycopg2

使用easy_install和下载安装均报错：

[root@localhost psycopg2-2.2.2]# python setup.py install
running install
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
Warning: Unable to find 'pg_config' filebuilding 'psycopg2._psycopg' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DPSYCOPG_DEFAULT_PYDATETIME=1 -DPSYCOPG_VERSION="2.2.2 (dt dec ext pq3)" -DPSYCOPG_EXTENSIOnS=1 -DPSYCOPG_NEW_BOOLEAN=1 -DHAVE_PQFREEMEM=1 -DHAVE_PQPROTOCOL3=1 -I/usr/local/include/python2.6 -I. -c psycopg/psycopgmodule.c -o build/temp.linux-i686-2.6/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o -Wdeclaration-after-statement
在包含自 psycopg/psycopgmodule.c：32 的文件中:
./psycopg/psycopg.h:31:22: 错误：libpq-fe.h：没有那个文件或目录
In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:33:
./psycopg/connection.h:95: 错误：expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘PGconn’
./psycopg/connection.h:116: 错误：expected ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
./psycopg/connection.h:117: 错误：expected ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
./psycopg/connection.h:118: 错误：expected ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
./psycopg/connection.h:119: 错误：expected ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
./psycopg/connection.h:123: 错误：expected declaration specifiers or ‘...’ before ‘PGconn’
In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:34:
./psycopg/cursor.h:60: 错误：expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘PGresult’
In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:35:
./psycopg/green.h:63: 错误：expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token
在包含自 psycopg/psycopgmodule.c：36 的文件中:
./psycopg/lobject.h:31:28: 错误：libpq/libpq-fs.h：没有那个文件或目录
In file included from psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:36:
./psycopg/lobject.h:51: 错误：expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘Oid’
./psycopg/lobject.h:57: 错误：expected declaration specifiers or ‘...’ before ‘Oid’
./psycopg/lobject.h:57: 错误：expected declaration specifiers or ‘...’ before ‘Oid’
psycopg/psycopgmodule.c: In function ‘psyco_register_type’:
psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:269: 错误：‘cursorObject’ 没有名为 ‘string_types’ 的成员
psycopg/psycopgmodule.c:272: 错误：‘connectionObject’ 没有名为 ‘string_types’ 的成员
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
原因：pg目录里lib和include没有加入编译，找不到头文件和lib共享库

操作：

export C_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/pg-90/include
export LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/pg-90/lib
然后： easy_install psycopg2或者解开下载压缩包python setup.py install就搞定了。

以上安装pg9和psycopg2均得到鱼哥大力帮助，表示感谢。