LINQ不仅仅可以用来获得数据。他也是一个强大的数据转换加工工具。使用linq可以对数据进行排行,分组等。可以把多个最初的结果合并成一个结果输出。也可以吧一个结果分成多个部分(比如吧一个表中的部分字段进行输出)。还可以吧结果转换为xml等等
一排序和分组
排序可能是大家常用的最简单的数据操作方法了。在linq中可以使用orderby从句才执行排序。这没什么好说的。大家看看列子就知道了。和sqlserver排序没什么区别(cust是一个表。name是他的字段。是字符类型)
var query = from cust in Customer
orderby cust.Name
select cust;
还有个分组
var query = from cust in Customer
group cust by cust.Name
这些东西和sqlserver是一致的,如果不明白还是看sqlserver的帮助比较好些。
二。将多个输入数据组合成一个输出结果
(翻译可能不准,其实就是sql中join的应用的。将多个表通过join on连链接然后输出)
先建立两个类(我认为就是模拟两个数据表)
class Address
{
public int ID {get;set;}
public string Street {get;set;}
public string City {get;set;}
}
class Student
{
public string First { get; set; }
public string Last {get; set;}
public int ID { get; set; }
public List Scores;
}
然后是填充数据。也就是创建数据源
// Create the first data source
List addresses = new List()
{
new Address {ID=111, Street="123 Main Street", City="Seattle"},
new Address {ID=112, Street="124 Main Street", City="Redmond"},
new Address {ID=113, Street="125 Main Street", City="Lake City"},
new Address {ID=114, Street="126 Main Street", City="North Bend"},
new Address {ID=115, Street="127 Main Street", City="Issaquah"},
new Address {ID=116, Street="129 Main Street", City="Tacoma"}
};
// Create the second data source
List students = new List()
{
new Student {First="Svetlana", Last="Omelchenko", ID=111, Scores= new List {97, 92, 81, 60}},
new Student {First="Claire", Last="O’Donnell", ID=112, Scores= new List {75, 84, 91, 39}},
new Student {First="Sven", Last="Mortensen", ID=113, Scores= new List {88, 94, 65, 91}},
};
开始创建查询
// Create the query.
var query = from student in students
join address in addresses on student.ID equals address.ID
select new { student.Last, student.First, address.City };
执行查询
// Execute the query.
foreach (var s in query)
Console.WriteLine(s.First + " " + s.Last + ", " + s.City);
三返回结果数据的子集或元素
(类似返回一个表的某个字段)
第一个方法就是返回结果的对象的一个字段或元素
var query = from cust in Customers
select cust.City;
第二个方法创建一个对象包含要返回的一个或多个字段对象或元素。(其实后面是一个表达式而已)
var query = from cust in Customer
select new {Name = cust.Name, City = cust.City};
四吧内存中的数据转换为xml(Transforming in-Memory Objects into XML)
linq可以把内存中数据。数据库。ado.net,xml流和文档。转换为xml
// Create the data source.
List students = new List()
{
new Student {First="Svetlana", Last="Omelchenko", ID=111, Scores = new List{97, 92, 81, 60}},
new Student {First="Claire", Last="O’Donnell", ID=112, Scores = new List{75, 84, 91, 39}},
new Student {First="Sven", Last="Mortensen", ID=113, Scores = new List{88, 94, 65, 91}},
};
// Create the query.
var query = new XElement("Root",
from student in students
let x = String.Format("{0},{1},{2},{3}", student.Scores[0],
student.Scores[1], student.Scores[2], student.Scores[3])
select new XElement("student",
new XElement("First", student.First),
new XElement("Last", student.Last),
new XElement("Scores", x)
) // end "student"
); // end "Root"
// Execute the query.
Console.WriteLine(query);
结果:
Svetlana
Omelchenko
97,92,81,60
Claire
O'Donnell
75,84,91,39
Sven
Mortensen
88,94,65,91
五:Performing Operations on Source Elements(对源对象进行操作)
// Data source.
double[] radii = { 1, 2, 3 };
// Query.
IEnumerable query =
from rad in radii
select String.Format("Area = {0}", (rad * rad) * 3.14);
// Query execution.
foreach (string s in query)
Console.WriteLine(s);
这个列子的意思我认为就是可以直接对源数据结果进行操作。是在他们返回结果出来之前进行的。